This paper presents a systematic review of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) written by the
CO 2 laser irradiation technique. First, various fabrication techniques based on CO 2 laser …

We investigate the microhole collapse property of different photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) and
its effect on the splice loss using an electric arc fusion splicer. The physical mechanism of …

The plant immune system is fundamental for plant survival in natural ecosystems and for
productivity in crop fields. Substantial evidence supports the prevailing notion that plants …

The refractive index sensing characteristics of the side-polished photonic crystal fiber (PCF)
surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor are detailed investigated in this paper. We used …

COVID-19, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome
and multiple organ failure 1 , 2 , 3 – 4 , but little is known about its pathophysiology. Here …

Respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2
infection 1 , 2 , but the host response at the lung tissue level is poorly understood. Here we …

Spin and valley degrees of freedom in materials without inversion symmetry promise previously
unknown device functionalities, such as spin-valleytronics. Control of material symmetry …

Magnetic chitosan microspheres were prepared and chemically modified with thiourea (TMCS)
for adsorption of metal ions. TMCS obtained were investigated by means of X-ray …

China is one of the largest producers and consumers of antibiotics, and China is a larger
producer of livestock farming and aquaculture in the world. The livestock farming and …

Lithium (Li) metal electrodes are not deployable in rechargeable batteries because
electrochemical plating and stripping invariably leads to growth of dendrites that reduce coulombic …