Although immunosuppression has long been recognized in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the
underlying basis for the lack of an effective immune response against the tumor remains …

Macrophages become activated by their environment and develop polarized functions:
classically activated (M1) macrophages eliminate pathogens but can cause tissue injury, …

Macrophages respond to their microenvironment and develop polarized functions critical for
orchestrating appropriate inflammatory responses. Classical ( M 1) activation eliminates …

Regulatory T (Treg) cells contribute to immune evasion by malignancies. To investigate
their importance in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), we enumerated Treg cells in peripheral …

Macrophages are key cells in inflammation and repair, and their activity requires close
regulation. The characterization of cues coordinating macrophage function has focused on …

Viruses exploit a number of strategies to evade immune recognition. In this study, we describe
a novel mechanism by which EBV, rather than avoiding detection, subverts the immune …

CTLA‐4 is a crucial immune regulator that mediates both negative costimulation signals to T
cells, and regulatory T (Treg)‐cell extrinsic control of effector responses. Here we present …

Macrophages are key in orchestrating immune responses to micro-environmental stimuli,
sensed by a complex set of surface receptors. The human cell line THP-1 has a monocytic …

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is frequently associated with autoimmune diseases
directed against constituents of the blood, including hemolytic anemia (AIHA). We hypothesized …

Macrophages are antigen presenting cells that can adopt different activation states as directed
by microenvironmental stimuli. It is well-recognised how CD4 + T helper (Th) signals drive …