It is becoming increasingly important to examine the relationship between the outcomes of a
clinical trial and the costs of the medical therapy under study. The results of such analysis …

INTRODUCTION The biodiversity-productivity relationship (BPR; the effect of biodiversity on
ecosystem productivity) is foundational to our understanding of the global extinction crisis …

The global extent and distribution of forest trees is central to our understanding of the terrestrial
biosphere. We provide the first spatially continuous map of forest tree density at a global …

Background Smoking is the leading preventable cause of premature death in the United
States. Previous studies of financial incentives for smoking cessation in work settings have not …

To estimate per‐person and aggregate direct medical costs of overweight and obesity and to
examine the effect of study design factors. PubMed (1968–2009), EconLit (1969–2009) and …

A growing number of jurisdictions now request economic data in support of their decision-making
procedures for the pricing and/or reimbursement of health technologies. Because more …

Most research on the diffusion of policy innovations focuses on the date of adoption and its
correlates. This research examines an aspect of innovation which has received little attention: …

We evaluated four methods for computing confidence intervals for cost–effectiveness ratios
developed from randomized controlled trials: the box method, the Taylor series method, the …

Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and
climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system 1 . Remote-sensing estimates to …

In clinical trials stroke is reported as a major morbid outcome, but the impact of stroke on
patients is not directly assessed. This study examines patient preferences for different outcomes …