Treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated calcinosis: a case report of rituximab-induced regression of CREST-related calcinosis and review of the literature

Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Jun;41(6):822-9. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2011.11.007. Epub 2012 Jan 4.

Abstract

Objectives: Calcinosis is frequently encountered in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and may be associated with significant morbidity. No treatment has shown so far an unequivocal beneficial effect.

Methods: We performed an extensive internet search (MEDLINE) using the keywords calcinosis, calcification, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, and treatment.

Results: Our patient had extensive Calcinosis, Raynaud, Esophagitis, Sclerodactyly, telangiectasia (CREST)-related calcinosis, frequently ulcerating and painful. Following 2 rituximab courses (consisting of 4 weekly infusions, 375 mg/m(2) each), calcinosis significantly improved and pain disappeared. Pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of SSc-associated calcinosis include diltiazem, minocycline, warfarin, biphosphonates, and intravenous immunoglobulin. Other therapeutic approaches include surgical excision, laser vaporization, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Conclusions: Evidence for all existing therapies is weak and therefore larger scale controlled studies are needed. Rituximab appears as a promising treatment especially in view of recent evidence that this therapy may be also effective in the underlying disease.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / therapeutic use*
  • Antirheumatic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • CREST Syndrome / complications
  • CREST Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Calcinosis / complications
  • Calcinosis / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Pain Measurement
  • Rituximab
  • Scleroderma, Systemic / complications*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antirheumatic Agents
  • Rituximab