The majority of peripheral blood gammadelta T cells in healthy adult humans express the Vgamma2/Vdelta2 T-cell receptor (TCR) and generate TCR-mediated, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted proliferative responses to low molecular weight alkylphosphates. Vgamma2/Vdelta2 populations after antigen proliferation maintained diversity in the CDR3s of Vgamma2 mRNA, indicating that the response was polyclonal or oligoclonal, and were enriched for Vgamma2 TCR chains containing the Jgamma1.2 segment. Alkylphosphate stimulation further skewed an already biased peripheral blood gammadelta T-cell population and increased the abundance of Vgamma2-Jgamma1.2/Vdelta2 T cell receptors, suggesting similarities between the alkylphosphate response and peripheral selection mechanisms shaping this repertoire in human beings.