Clinical manifestations of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis of the cervical spine*,**
Section snippets
Methods
A Medline search from 1964 to date was performed. The initial screening used the terms “diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis” and “cervical spine.” All the reported clinical manifestations, either major or minor, associated with these 2 conditions were crossed referenced again with “diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.” Information previous to the years of the search was gathered from the reference lists of more recent studies.
Discussion
DISH is a disease characterized by ossification and calcification of soft tissues, mainly entheses and ligaments. The thoracic spine is most often affected with flowing osteophytes involving usually the right lateral aspects of the vertebral bodies and the ALL. Other entheseal regions in the peripheral joints may be affected such as the peripatellar ligaments, the Achilles tendon insertion, the plantar fascia, and the olecranon. Because the disease affects mainly older individuals,
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Address reprint requests to Reuven Mader, MD, Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula 18101, Israel. E-mail: [email protected]
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Reuven Mader, MD: Head, Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, and Senior Clinical Lecturer, The B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa, Israel.