Laboratory testing in the diagnosis and management of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

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Muscle-derived factors

Measurement of serum activities of enzymes released from muscle have been used for many years, and remain the most widely used laboratory tests for muscle injury [1]. Myoglobin is detectable in serum in most patients with active IIM and may be a more sensitive measure of active myositis, but because it is not as readily available, it is assessed less frequently than enzyme activities. Troponin measurements have become more widely available in recent years, but primarily are used for assessment

Autoantibodies

The autoantibodies that have been most extensively studied in patients with IIM are antinuclear or anticytoplasmic autoantibodies that react with essential cellular proteins that are present in all cells, rather than the antibodies that react with muscle-specific antigens. The reason why these autoantibodies are produced, and their role in tissue injury remain uncertain and are the subjects of continuing research; the clinical associations of the autoantibodies can assist the clinician in

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