Table 1.

Factors associated with major impact on quality of life (ie, having ≥ 2 domains affected by axSpA).

	≥ 2 Impacts	< 2 Impacts	Univariable Analysis	Multivariable Analysis
	Mean (± SD) or n (%)		P	P	OR (95% CI)
Age, yrs	41.5 (± 10.9)	42.2 (± 12.9)	0.62	NA	NA
Female gender	461 (80.2)	36 (57.1)	< 0.001	0.002	2.6 (1.4–4.8)
Educational level (high school or less)	295 (51.3)	19 (30.2)	0.002	0.029	2.0 (1.1–3.3)
Married/cohabiting	370 (64.3)	42 (66.7)	0.72	NA	NA
Unemployment	268 (48.7)	13 (21.0)	< 0.001	0.001	3.3 (1.7–10.0)
Smoking	188 (32.7)	19 (30.2)	0.68	NA	NA
Symptom duration, yrs	14.3 (± 10.5)	13.5 (± 9.3)	0.57	NA	NA
bDMARD therapy	366 (64.6)	22 (36.7)	< 0.001	< 0.001	3.0 (1.6–5.3)
Comorbidities (0–4)^{^a}	1.4 (± 1.2)	0.7 (± 1.1)	< 0.001	0.001	1.6 (1.2–2.2)^{^b}

↵^aComorbidities corresponded to overweight/obesity, depression, fibromyalgia, and anxiety.
↵^bOR for ≥ 1 comorbidity. AxSpA: axial spondyloarthritis; bDMARD: biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio.