Participant characteristics at baseline.
| Treatment Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ADA, n = 277 | nbDMARD, n = 148 | P | |
| Age, yrs, mean (SD) | 52.0 (12.1) | 50.5 (12.6) | 0.24 |
| Sex, male | 145 (52.3) | 64 (43.2) | 0.07 |
| Race | |||
| White | 255 (92.1) | 136 (91.9) | 0.74 |
| Asian | 10 (3.6) | 8 (5.4) | |
| Other | 12 (4.4) | 4 (2.7) | |
| Tobacco use a | |||
| Never smoked | 118 (43.9) | 80 (54.1) | 0.14 |
| Former smoker | 108 (40.1) | 48 (32.4) | |
| Current smoker | 43 (16.0) | 20 (13.5) | |
| Employeda | 144 (52.4) | 95 (64.6) | 0.02 |
| PsA duration, yrs, mean (SD) | 4.8 (6.6) | 4.1 (7.7) | 0.40 |
| PsO duration, yrs, mean (SD) | 14.0 (13.0) | 12.8 (13.9) | 0.40 |
| Family history of PsAa | 101 (36.6) | 64 (43.2) | 0.20 |
| RF+a | 15 (5.5) | 5 (3.4) | 0.20 |
| Morning stiffness, min/d, mean (SD) | 83.1 (98.2) | 61.8 (77.4) | 0.02 |
| BSA affecteda, % | |||
| < 3 | 150 (56.3) | 93 (64.5) | 0.15 |
| 3–10 | 77 (29.0) | 40 (27.8) | |
| 11–20 | 23 (8.6) | 8 (5.6) | |
| > 20 | 16 (6.0) | 3 (2.1) | |
| Dominant PsA subtypea | |||
| Symmetric polyarthritis | 176 (68.2) | 79 (57.2) | 0.06 |
| Asymmetric oligoarthritis | 59 (22.9) | 48 (34.8) | |
| Distal interphalangeal arthropathy | 7 (2.7) | 6 (4.3) | |
| Spondylitis | 14 (5.4) | 5 (3.6) | |
| Arthritis mutilans | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| No. of prior/discontinued nbDMARDsb | < 0.001 | ||
| 0 | 77 (27.8) | 73 (49.3) | |
| 1 | 91 (32.9) | 51 (34.5) | |
| ≥ 2 | 109 (39.4) | 24 (16.2) | |
| Medication use | NA | ||
| ADA | 277 (100.0) | NA | |
| NSAIDs | 121 (43.7) | 82 (55.4) | |
| nbDMARDs | 222 (80.1) | 148 (100.0) | |
| Apremilast | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.4) | |
| AZA | 3 (1.1) | 2 (1.4) | |
| CSA | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Gold | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| HCQ | 53 (19.1) | 33 (22.3) | |
| LEF | 29 (10.5) | 31 (20.9) | |
| MTX | 182 (65.7) | 120 (81.1) | |
| SSZ | 49 (17.7) | 34 (23.0) | |
| Enthesitisa | 77 (28.4) | 33 (23.4) | 0.28 |
| Dactylitisa | 71 (26.2) | 53 (36.3) | 0.03 |
| Morning stiffness, min/d, mean (SD) | 83.1 (98.2) | 61.8 (77.4) | 0.02 |
| DAPSA28, mean (SD) | 39.3 (18.2) | 31.3 (16.4) | < 0.001 |
| DAS28, mean (SD) | 4.8 (1.2) | 4.3 (1.1) | 0.001 |
| TJC28, mean (SD) | 8.9 (6.2) | 7.4 (6.6) | 0.02 |
| SJC28, mean (SD) | 7.4 (5.0) | 5.9 (4.6) | 0.003 |
| PGA (100-mm VAS), mean (SD) | 59.4 (19.5) | 51.0 (21.8) | < 0.001 |
| PtGA (100-mm VAS), mean (SD) | 56.1 (24.1) | 45.1 (24.7) | < 0.001 |
| Pain (100-mm VAS), mean (SD) | 58.5 (24.3) | 50.1 (24.0) | 0.002 |
| HAQ-DI, mean (SD) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.8 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
| SF-12 PCS | 34.7 (10.0) | 36.5 (10.8) | 0.24 |
| SF-12 MCS | 43.8 (11.7) | 44.5 (10.8) | 0.69 |
| ESR, mm/h, mean (SD) | 19.4 (17.8) | 16.2 (14.4) | 0.10 |
| CRP, mg/L, mean (SD) | 16.2 (41.1) | 12.3 (19.4) | 0.23 |
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
↵aProportions based on patients with available data. Missing or unknown information for ADA- and nbDMARD-treated patients, respectively, were as follows: tobacco use (n = 8 and n = 0), employment status (n = 2 and n = 1) family history of PsA (n = 1 and n = 0), RF status (n = 3 and n = 0), BSA (n = 11 and n = 4), dominant PsA subtype (n = 19 and n = 10), enthesitis (n = 6 and n = 7), dactylitis (n = 6 and n = 2), morning stiffness (n = 12 and n = 7), DAPSA28 (n = 65 and n = 44), DAS28 (n = 49 and n = 33), TJC28 (n = 2 and n = 0), SJC28 (n = 2 and n = 1), PGA (n = 15 and n = 23), PtGA (n = 33 and n = 23), pain (n = 35 and n = 25), HAQ-DI (n = 34 and n = 23), SF-12 (n = 148 and n = 83), ESR (n = 87 and n = 49), and CRP (n = 36 and n = 23).
↵b Excluding nbDMARDs initiated prior to baseline that were ongoing at baseline. ADA: adalimumab; AZA: azathioprine; BSA: body surface area; CRP: C-reactive protein; CSA: cyclosporine A; DAPSA: Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis in 28 joints; DAS28: Disease Activity Score in 28 joints; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ-DI: Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; LEF: leflunomide; MCS: mental component summary; PGA: physician global assessment; MTX: methotrexate; NA: not applicable; NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug; nbDMARD: nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; PCS: physical component summary; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; PsO: psoriasis; PtGA: patient global assessment; RF: rheumatoid factor; SF-12: 12-item Short Form Health Survey; SJC28: swollen joint count in 28 joints; SSZ: sulfasalazine; TJC28: tender joint count in 28 joints; VAS: visual analog scale.