Case characteristics.
| Case | Autoantibodies | Clinical Features | Environmental Factors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ATA | RP, skin thickening (diffuse pattern), severe lung fibrosis, arthritis, cardiac disease | Smoking, hair dressing |
| 2 | ARA, anti-Ro antibodies | RP, skin thickening (diffuse pattern), mild lung fibrosis, myositis, PAH | Smoking, hair dressing |
| 3 | ACA | RP, skin thickening (limited pattern), esophageal reflux | Smoking |
ACA: anticentromere antibodies; ARA: antipolymerase III antibodies; ATA: antitopoisomerase I antibodies; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; RP: Raynaud phenomenon.