Table 1.

ANCOVA results of ES and covariable-adjustments for age, sex, and BMI between patients with axSpA and HCs.

Dependent	Independent	Sum of Squares	F Statistic	Pr > F
Flexion (RoK) (tr)	Diagnosis	73.61	21.94	< 0.001
	Age	106.56	31.76	< 0.001
	Sex	91.86	27.38	< 0.001
	BMI	0.68	0.20	0.65
Flexion (RoM)	Diagnosis	1857.06	12.44	< 0.001
	Age	5192.34	34.79	< 0.001
	Sex	4935.91	33.08	< 0.001
	BMI	480.63	3.22	0.08
Extension (RoK) (tr)	Diagnosis	62.06	22.03	< 0.001
	Age	72.94	25.89	< 0.001
	Sex	35.75	12.69	< 0.001
	BMI	2.16	0.77	0.38
Extension (RoM)	Diagnosis	1060.44	11.12	0.001
	Age	1958.84	20.55	< 0.001
	Sex	932.33	9.78	0.002
	BMI	0.02	0.00	0.99
Rotation (RoK) (tr)	Diagnosis	498.72	50.39	< 0.001
	Age	99.32	10.03	0.002
	Sex	74.53	7.53	0.007
	BMI	1.82	0.18	0.67
Rotation (RoM)	Diagnosis	7189.55	28.25	< 0.001
	Age	4918.80	19.33	< 0.001
	Sex	4444.87	17.46	< 0.001
	BMI	259.71	1.02	0.31
Lateral flexion (RoK) (tr)	Diagnosis	308.68	32.87	< 0.001
	Age	175.32	18.67	< 0.001
	Sex	99.14	10.56	0.001
	BMI	0.55	0.06	0.81
Lateral flexion (RoM)	Diagnosis	5357.25	25.80	< 0.001
	Age	7699.94	37.08	< 0.001
	Sex	6292.44	30.30	< 0.001
	BMI	98.10	0.47	0.49

Statistically significant values are indicated in bold. ANCOVA: analysis of covariance; axSpA: axial spondyloarthritis; ES: Epionics SPINE; HC: healthy control; RoK: range of kinematics; RoM: range of motion; tr: log-transformed.