Baseline characteristics of study cohort of patients aged 41–55 years matched 1:2 by age, sex, and index date.
| Non-gout, n = 8352 | Gout, n = 4176 | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Follow-up duration, cancer, yrs | 10.1 ± 2 | 10.1 ± 2.3 | 0.49 |
| Follow-up duration, mortality, yrs | 10.5 ± 1.6 | 10.5 ± 1.7 | 0.23 |
| Age, yrs | 48.8 ± 3.8 | 48.8 ± 3.8 | > 0.99 |
| Sex, female | 2488 (29.8) | 1244 (29.8) | > 0.99 |
| Incomea | < 0.0001 | ||
| Group 1 (1–3) | 1601 (19.2) | 633 (15.1) | |
| Group 2 (4–7) | 2629 (31.5) | 1251 (30.0) | |
| Group 3 (8–10) | 4122 (49.4) | 2292 (54.9) | |
| Urban | 0.003 | ||
| Seoul | 1366 (16.4) | 677 (16.2) | |
| Metropolitan city | 2607 (31.2) | 1186 (28.4) | |
| Other | 4379 (52.4) | 2313 (55.4) | |
| Smoking | 0.03 | ||
| None | 4665 (55.9) | 2378 (56.9) | |
| Ex-smoker | 980 (11.7) | 542 (13.0) | |
| Current | 2306 (27.6) | 1067 (25.6) | |
| Unknown | 401 (4.8) | 189 (4.5) | |
| Alcohol, no. drinks | < 0.0001 | ||
| None | 3787 (45.3) | 1814 (43.4) | |
| 2–3/month | 1545 (18.5) | 735 (17.6) | |
| 1–2/week | 1931 (23.1) | 955 (22.9) | |
| 3–4/week | 673 (8.1) | 434 (10.4) | |
| Daily | 283 (3.4) | 177 (4.2) | |
| Unknown | 133 (1.6) | 61 (1.5) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 654 (7.8) | 549 (13.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 1162 (13.9) | 1170 (28.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Kidney disease | 83 (1.0) | 142 (3.4) | < 0.0001 |
| COPD | 58 (0.7) | 60 (1.4) | < 0.0001 |
| H. pylori–related diseasesb | 1924 (23) | 1528 (36.6) | < 0.0001 |
| Measurements | |||
| BMI | 24.0 ± 2.7 | 24.8 ± 2.73 | < 0.0001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 124.8 ± 15.7 | 126.7 ± 16.8 | < 0.0001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 79.2 ± 10.7 | 80.5 ± 11.5 | < 0.0001 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 96.4 ± 23 | 96.4 ± 21.6 | 0.88 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 198.1 ± 35.3 | 200.8 ± 38 | 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.3 ± 1.5 | 14.3 ± 1.5 | 0.18 |
Continuous variables are presented as the mean ± SD or median (IQR). Categorical variables are presented as n (%).
↵* Chi-square test was conducted for categorical variables and t test for continuous variables.
↵a Income divided into 10 grades and grouped by 3 categories, where group 3 is the highest grade.
↵b Helicobacter pylori·-related diseases, including peptic ulcers. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure.