Pregnancy outcomes of patients with and without SLE.
| SLE, n = 163 | Controls, n = 596 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy outcomes | |||
| Live births, n (%) | 118 (72.4) | 502 (84.2) | < 0.001* |
| Gestational age, weeks | 37 ± 2.7 | 37.6 ± 2.3 | 0.004* |
| Birth weight, g | 2808.5 ± 0.6 | 3111.9 ± 0.5 | 0.016* |
| Elective cesarean section, n (%) | 71 (43.6) | 296 (49.7) | 0.86 |
| Sex, F/M, n | 52/66 | 243/262 | 0.33 |
| Adverse pregnancy outcomes, n (%) | 90 (55.2) | 215 (36.1) | < 0.001* |
| Length of hospitalization, days | 7.6 ± 12.8 | 4.5 ± 3 | < 0.001* |
| Apgara score at 1 min | 7.4 ± 1.3 | 7.7 ± 1.1 | 0.042* |
| Apgara score at 5 min | 8.6 ± 1 | 8.9 ± 0.9 | 0.02* |
| Maternal complications, n (%) | |||
| Total | 40 (24.5) | 81 (13.6) | < 0.001* |
| Disease flare | 15 (8.8) | NA | NA |
| Preeclampsia | 5 (2.9) | 5 (0.8) | 0.027* |
| Emergency cesarean section | 25 (15.3) | 52 (8.7) | 0.034* |
| GDM | 11 (6.7) | 33 (5.5) | 0.56 |
| Fetal complications, n (%) | |||
| Total | 81 (49.7) | 187 (31.4) | < 0.001* |
| Miscarriages | 33 (20.2) | 91 (15.2) | 0.13 |
| Stillbirths | 12 (7.4) | 3 (0.5) | < 0.001* |
| Preterm deliveries | 28 (16.4) | 44 (7.4) | < 0.001* |
| IUGR | 16 (9.8) | 24 (4) | 0.003* |
| Low birthweight infants, < 2500 g | 26 (16) | 38 (6.4) | < 0.001* |
| NICU admission | 28 (17.2) | 58 (9.7) | 0.016* |
Values are mean ± SD, unless otherwise indicated.
↵a The Apgar score is a simple method of quickly assessing the health and vital signs of a newborn and is performed on a baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The score comprises 4 components, each of which is given a score of 0, 1, or 2: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color.
↵*P < 0.05. GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; IUGR: intrauterine growth retardation; NA: not applicable; NICU: neonatal intensive care unit; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.