Predictors of renal failure based on a multivariable Cox proportional hazards modela.
| Rate Ratio (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|
| Male (vs female) | 1.69 (0.97–2.93) | 0.062 |
| History of proteinuria at SLE diagnosis | 2.75 (1.94–3.89) | < 0.0001 |
| Age of SLE Diagnosis, yrs | ||
| 30–39 (vs < 30) | 0.82 (0.53–1.27) | 0.37 |
| 40+ (vs < 30) | 0.51 (0.29–0.90) | 0.019 |
| Ethnicity | ||
| African American (vs White) | 1.82 (1.27–2.60) | 0.0012 |
| Other (vs White) | 1.07 (0.52–2.19) | 0.86 |
| Low C3 ever (vs never) | 2.00 (1.32–3.03) | 0.0011 |
| Positive dRVVT test ever (vs never) | 1.44 (1.01–2.04) | 0.043 |
↵aThe multivariable model was based on only 2351 patients due to missing values for some included variables. dRVVT: dilute Russell viper venom test; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.