Table 4.

Assessment of risk factors for SLE development in the PsA group.

	PsA Patients With SLE, n = 18	PsA Patients Without SLE, n = 131	Univariable Model^{^a}			Multivariate Model I^{^b}			Multivariate Model II^{^c}
	PsA Patients With SLE, n = 18	PsA Patients Without SLE, n = 131	OR	CI 95%	P	OR	CI 95%	P	OR	CI 95%	P
Age at PsA diagnosis, yrs, mean ± SD	47.12 ± 18.23	38.9 ± 15.36	1.25	1.09–1.42	0.001	–	–	–	1.25	1.06–1.48	0.008
PsA duration, yrs, mean ± SD	2.39 ± 5.33	6.49 ± 7.70	0.86	0.73–1.01	0.06	0.82	0.69–.98	0.03	–	–	–
Anti–TNF-α	2 (11.1)	16 (12.2)	1.22	0.23–6.53	0.82	0.86	0.1–7.29	0.89	0.95	0.1–8.15	0.96
Statins	7 (38.9)	24 (18.3)	6.81	1.55–29.84	0.01	12.49	1.73–90.29	0.01	9.86	1.09–89.26	0.042
PPI	5 (27.8)	56 (42.7)	0.66	0.20–2.23	0.5	1.17	0.28–4.95	0.83	1.5	0.30–6.70	0.60
Beta blockers	2 (11.1)	8 (6.1)	2.42	0.45–13.09	0.3	4.17	0.53–32.99	0.18	4.76	0.57–39.55	0.150
ACEi	28 (21.4)	1 (5.6)	0.24	0.03–2.03	0.19	0.04	0.001–1.62	0.09	0.34	0.01–2.03	0.10
Thiazides	12 (9.2)	1 (5.6)	0.78	7.75	0.83	21.25	0.37–1215.03	0.14	29.60	0.45–1972.72	1.11

Values are n (%) unless otherwise specified.
↵^a Logistic regression was performed separately for each item.
↵^b Multivariate Model I includes PsA duration.
↵^cMultivariate Model II includes age at PsA diagnosis. ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; anti-TNF-α: anti–tumor necrosis factor-α; PPI: proton pump inhibitor; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.