Table 2.

Main histologic and treatment characteristics in patients with catastrophic progression to ESKD.

Sex/Race/Age, yrsISN/RPS ClasseGFRTime to ESKD, monthsTreatmentFactors Associated With ESKD
F/H/42V11036GC, AZA, AM, ACEIPatient achieved complete remission for 24 months and then discontinued all medications to follow a naturopathic approach
M/W/26III13723GC, MMF, AM, ACEIPatient achieved complete remission at 12 months and then discontinued all medications to follow alternative treatments
F/B/41IV/V8231GC, CYC, AM, MMF, ACEISevere interstitial inflammation and tubuloreticular inclusions
F/A/44IV/V6111GC, AZA, AM, ACEIPatient discontinued all medications after 3 months
F/B/26V8825GC, MMF, AM, ACEICollapsing glomerulopathy
F/B/33IV11112GC, CYC, AM, MMFPatient did not achieve remission and discontinued all medications after 6 months
F/B/38IV816GC, MMF, AM, RTXExtensive thrombotic microangiopathy
F/B/31IV6136GC, CYC, MMFSevere interstitial inflammation and tubuloreticular inclusions
M/W/24IV936GC, CYC, AM, TPEAnti-GBM nephropathy (anti-GBM antibodies detected at disease onset)
F/H/37IV816GC, MMF, AM, RTXThrombotic microangiopathy (catastrophic APS)
  • A: Asian patients; ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; AM: antimalarials; APS: antiphospholipid syndrome; AZA: azathioprine; B: Black patients; CYC: cyclophosphamide; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESKD: endstage kidney disease; F: female; GBM: glomerular basement membrane; GC: glucocorticoids; H: Hispanic patients; ISN/RPS: International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society; M: male; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; RTX: rituximab; TPE: therapeutic plasma exchange; W: White patients.