Followup clinical characteristics of children with ARLA.
| Characteristics | ARLA, n = 49 | ARLA, Did Not Receive Ceftriaxone, n = 21 | ARLA, Received Ceftriaxone, n = 28 | p1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days from initial treatment to clinical resolution or last visit, median (IQR) | 400 (312–754) | 440 (312–580) | 390 (320–770) | 0.902 |
| Any IAGC injection after antibiotic initiation3 | 32 (65) | 14 (67) | 18 (64) | 0.86 |
| 1 IAGC injection | 17 (35) | 7 (33) | 10 (36) | |
| 2 IAGC injections | 9 (18) | 3 (14) | 6 (21) | |
| 3 IAGC injections | 4 (8) | 3 (14) | 1 (4) | |
| 4 IAGC injections | 2 (4) | 1 (5) | 1 (4) | |
| Any IAGC injection after ceftriaxone or ARLA diagnosis (no ceftriaxone) | 28 (57) | 14 (67) | 14 (50) | 0.24 |
| Any prescribed NSAID after ceftriaxone or ARLA diagnosis (no ceftriaxone) | 34 (69) | 17 (81) | 17 (61) | 0.13 |
| Any DMARD4 | 7 (14) | 3 (14) | 4 (14) | 0.99 |
| Synovectomy | 7 (14) | 2 (10) | 5 (18) | 0.685 |
| Spread of arthritis to new joint after completion of antibiotics | 6 (12) | 0 | 6 (21) | 0.035 |
Values are expressed as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
↵1 P value calculated from chi-square test except where indicated.
↵2 P value calculated from Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
↵3 IAGC not including premature injections before antibiotic initiation.
↵4 Four children received methotrexate, 4 children received sulfasalazine, and 1 child received hydroxychloroquine; some children received > 1 DMARD, and no child received a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor.
↵5 P value calculated from Fisher’s exact test. ARLA: antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis; IQR: interquartile range; IAGC: intraarticular glucocorticoid; NSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drug.