Demographic data of the 276 patients with SLE.
| Characteristics | N = 276 |
|---|---|
| Female, n (%) | 263 (95) |
| Age, yrs | 51 ± 12 |
| BMI, mg/cm2 | 27.49 ± 5.7 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 92 ± 13 |
| Systolic pressure, mmHg | 128 ± 20 |
| Diastolic pressure, mmHg | 83 ± 44 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 110 (40) |
| Dyslipidemia | 189 (68) |
| Current smokers | 68 (25) |
| Antihypertensive treatment | 104 (38) |
| Diabetes | 14 (5) |
| Statins | 75 (27) |
| Analytical data | |
| CRP, mg/l | 1.90 (0.90–4.90) |
| Cholesterol, mg/dl | 194 ± 39 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 126 ± 99 |
| LDL, mg/dl | 107 ± 33 |
| HDL, mg/dl | 62 ± 20 |
| apoA, mg/dl | 180 ± 37 |
| apoB-I, mg/dl | 96 ± 24 |
| apoB/apoA index | 0.55 ± 0.17 |
| Atherogenic index | 3.40 ± 1.08 |
| SLE-related data | |
| Disease duration, yrs | 17.6 ± 9.8 |
| SLICC | 1 (0–2) |
| SLICC ≥ 1 | 197 (71) |
| Katz Index | 2 (1–4) |
| Katz Index ≥ 3 | 104 (38) |
| SLEDAI | 3 (0–6) |
| SLEDAI activity categories, n (%)* | |
| No activity | 106 (38) |
| Mild | 85 (31) |
| Moderate | 47 (17) |
| High or very high | 21 (8) |
| ANA profile, n (%) | |
| Anti-DNA–positive | 165 (60) |
| ENA-positive | 66 (24) |
| Anti-Ro | 89 (32) |
| Anti-La | 43 (16) |
| Anti-RNP | 72 (26) |
| Anti-Sm | 34 (12) |
| Antiphospholipid autoantibodies, n (%) | |
| Lupus anticoagulant | 67 (24) |
| aCL IgM | 33 (12) |
| aCL IgG | 56 (20) |
| Anti-β2 glycoprotein IgM | 27 (10) |
| Anti-β2 glycoprotein IgG | 39 (14) |
| Rheumatoid factor, n (%) | 34 (12) |
| C3, mg/dl | 99 ± 27 |
| C4, mg/dl | 17 ± 8 |
| Leukocytes, cells/mm3 | 6034 ± 3019 |
| Hypocomplementemia, n (%) | 146 (53) |
| Current prednisone, n (%) | 131 (47) |
| Prednisone, mg/day | 5 (5–7.5) |
| DMARD, n (%) | 211 (76) |
| Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 190 (69) |
| Methotrexate, n (%) | 32 (12) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil, n (%) | 23 (8) |
| Azathioprine, n (%) | 32 (12) |
| Rituximab, n (%) | 8 (3) |
| Belimumab, n (%) | 4 (1) |
| Cyclophosphamide, n (%) | 1 (0) |
| Carotid intima-media assessment | |
| Carotid plaque, n (%) | 99 (36) |
| Bilateral, n (% of plaque positive) | 53 (54) |
| cIMT, mm | 0.631 ± 0.108 |
Values are mean ± SD or median (IQR) when data were not normally distributed.
↵* SLEDAI categories were defined as follows: 0 (no activity); 1–5 (mild); 6–10 (moderate); > 10 (high or very high). SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; BMI: body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; aCL: anticardiolipin antibodies; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; apoA: apolipoprotein A; ANA: antinuclear antibodies; ENA: extractible nuclear antibodies; SLEDAI: SLE Disease Activity Index; SLICC: Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index; cIMT, carotid intima-media thickness; IQR: interquartile range.