Baseline Characteristics | N (total) = 236, n (%) | “At risk” for PH, n = 201 | Developed PH, n = 35 | p* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yrs, mean (SD) | 56.2 (11.2) | 59.1 (8.6) | 0.1939 | |
Sex, female, n (%) | 207 (88) | 177 (88.1) | 30 (85.7) | 0.6965 |
Race, n (%) | 0.45935 | |||
White | 170 (72) | 148 (73.6) | 22 (62.9) | |
Hispanic | 14 (6) | 11 (5.5) | 3 (8.6) | |
Black | 43 (18) | 35 (17.4) | 8 (22.9) | |
Other | 9 (4) | 7 (3.5) | 2 (5.7) | |
Disease type | 154 (65) | 132 (65.7) | 22 (62.9) | 0.44329 |
Unclassified | 7 (3) | 7 (3.5) | 0 | |
Duration from first non-Raynaud symptom, yrs, n (%) | 229 (97) | 10.2 (11.0) | 10.9 (8.5) | 0.3977 |
Autoantibodies, n (%) | 0.12886 | |||
Negative | 18 | 14 (7.5) | 4 (11.8) | |
Anticentromere | 54 | 45 (24.1) | 9 (26.5) | |
Topoisomerase | 39 | 37 (19.8) | 2 (5.9) | |
U1-RNP | 12 | 12 (6.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Isolated nucleolar | 37 | 27 (14.4) | 10 (29.4) | |
Mixed or other | 55 | 46 (24.6) | 9 (26.5) | |
RNA polymerase III | 1 | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
PFT, mean (SD) | ||||
%FVC | 225 | 83.7 (18.1) | 79.9 (14.7) | 0.2734 |
%DLCO | 221 | 50.6 (18.2) | 47.2 (17.7) | 0.3073 |
Echo/Doppler | ||||
Systolic PAP, mmHg | 216 | 38.6 (9.9) | 42.7 (9.5) | 0.0049 |
Ejection fraction (%) | 212 | 61.7 (6.3) | 59.8 (5.8) | 0.3534 |
Pericardial effusion present | 183 | 17 (11.0) | 4 (13.8) | 0.7499 |
Six-minute walk test, mean (SD) | ||||
Distance, m | 154 | 421.8 (122.2) | 352.1 (155.9) | 0.0358 |
% O2 saturation at rest | 155 | 97.7 (2.4) | 98.1 (1.4) | 0.9457 |
% O2 saturation during exercise | 152 | 93.7 (5.8) | 89.5 (8.7) | 0.0100 |
Decline in O2 saturation below 90% during exercise | 127 | 23 (18.1) | 9 (37.5) | 0.033 |
↵* P values for Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and for Pearson chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test (where appropriate) for categorical variables. PH: pulmonary hypertension; PFT: pulmonary function test; FVC: forced vital capacity; Echo/Doppler: Doppler echocardiography; PAP: pulmonary arterial pressure.