Age Groups | Gout Status | N | ED Cases | Followup Time, PY | Mean Followup, Yrs | Incidence Rate, Cases per 1000 PY (95% CI) | Age-, Sex-, BMI-matched, HR (95% CI)* | + GP Visits, Socioeconomic Deprivation Index, BMI, Smoking, and Alcohol, Adjusted HR (95% CI) | + Comorbidity and CVD Drug Classes, Adjusted HR** (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Yes | 27,718 | 1787 | 149,172.7 | 5.38 | 11.98 (11.43–12.55) | 1.29 (1.22–1.36) | 1.25 (1.18–1.33) | 1.31 (1.23–1.39) |
No | 113,112 | 5917 | 635,096.6 | 5.61 | 9.32 (9.08–9.56) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | |
< 50 | Yes | 4965 | 360 | 28,998.32 | 5.84 | 12.41 (11.17–13.77) | 1.32 (1.16–1.50) | 1.31 (1.15–1.49) | 1.36 (1.19–1.56) |
No | 19,736 | 1137 | 117,061.5 | 5.93 | 9.71 (9.16–10.29) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | |
50–59 | Yes | 6535 | 624 | 37,941.81 | 5.81 | 16.45 (15.18–17.79) | 1.32 (1.20–1.45) | 1.29 (1.17–1.42) | 1.32 (1.19–1.45) |
No | 26,876 | 2060 | 164,461.4 | 6.12 | 12.53 (11.99–13.08) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | |
60–69 | Yes | 7505 | 592 | 42,024.17 | 5.6 | 14.09 (12.98–15.27) | 1.30 (1.18–1.43) | 1.25 (1.13–1.38) | 1.32 (1.19–1.46) |
No | 30,962 | 1973 | 180,983.5 | 5.85 | 10.90 (10.43–11.39) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | |
≥ 70 | Yes | 8713 | 211 | 40,208.37 | 4.61 | 5.25 (4.56–6.01) | 1.12 (0.95–1.32) | 1.10 (0.93–1.29) | 1.21 (1.02–1.44) |
No | 35,538 | 747 | 172,590.3 | 4.86 | 4.33 (4.02–4.65) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) | 1.0 (ref.) |
↵* Matched by age, sex, BMI, and entry time.
↵** Comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes, stroke, ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia; CVD drugs include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, aspirin, angiotensin II receptor blockers, β blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics. ED: erectile dysfunction; PY: person-years; BMI: body mass index; GP: general practitioner; CVD: cardiovascular disease.