Characteristics | Episcleritis, n = 23 | Scleritis, n = 33 | PUK, n = 21 | Uveitis, n = 14 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yrs | 54 (48–66) | 65 (52–71) | 63 (58–75.) | 69 (64–75) | 0.032 |
Sex (female) | 20 (87) | 22 (67) | 12 (57) | 9 (64) | 0.17 |
RA duration at IOD onset, yrs | 8.7 (3.9–13.7) | 14.6 (3.9–22.8) | 13.4 (5.8–23.3) | 5.2 (2.7–18.3) | 0.33 |
Duration of followup, yrs | 9.0 (5.0–13.1) | 5.1 (1.9–7.1) | 3.3 (1.6–8.2) | 6.2 (1.9–10.4) | — |
Smoker, current or former, N/A 2 | 8 (35) | 12 (38) | 10 (48) | 7 (54) | 0.62 |
BMI, kg/m2, N/A 18 | 28.9 (25.8–30.7) | 27.5 (22.7–33.0) | 26.8 (24.8–29.5) | 28.7 (26.5–32.3) | 0.80 |
No/mild disease activity per physician judgment, N/A 28 | 8 (47) | 17 (71) | 10 (77) | 6 (67) | 0.31 |
Radiographic erosions, N/A 15 | 14 (70) | 14 (52) | 12 (71) | 7 (58) | 0.51 |
Seropositivity (RF and/or ACPA), N/A 5 | 18 (82) | 30 (91) | 17 (94) | 8 (62) | 0.048 |
Positive ANA, N/A 29 | 5 (36) | 8 (36) | 5 (29) | 2 (22) | 0.87 |
Positive ANCA, N/A 53 | 2 (18) | 3 (20) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) | 0.75 |
Severe ExRA | 5 (22) | 9 (27) | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | 0.11 |
Rheumatoid nodules | 5 (22) | 12 (36) | 7 (35) | 1 (8) | 0.19 |
DMARD treatment, at IOD onset or in the previous 2 yrs | 18 (78) | 22 (67) | 14 (67) | 10 (71) | 0.79 |
Biologic treatment, at IOD onset or in the previous 2 yrs, N/A 3 | 7 (30) | 15 (45) | 3 (16) | 4 (31) | 0.18 |
GC treatment, at IOD onset or in the previous 2 yrs, N/A 7 | 16 (70) | 24 (77) | 8 (42) | 6 (55) | 0.07 |
Data in bold face are statistically significant. Severe ExRA in this study were defined according to the Malmo criteria (which include pericarditis, pleuritis, major cutaneous vasculitis, Felty’s syndrome, other organ vasculitis, neuropathy, glomerulonephritis)16, but exclude ocular manifestations of scleritis, episcleritis, and retinal vasculitis, which are also a part of these criteria. RA: rheumatoid arthritis; ExRA: extraarticular manifestation of RA; RF: rheumatoid factor; ACPA: anticitrullinated protein antibodies; IOD: inflammatory ocular disease; BMI: body mass index; ANA: antinuclear antibody; ANCA: antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; PUK: peripheral ulcerative keratitis; GC: glucocorticoid; N/A: not available.