Adjusted OR and 95% CI (n = 1702 ankles*) for associations between covariates and radiographic ankle OA (KL 2 or more).
| Characteristic | OR1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Age ≥ 70 yrs | 1.74 (0.98–3.08) | 2.01 (1.11–3.48)† |
| Age < 70 yrs | Referent | Referent |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 1.96 (1.10–3.49)† | 1.97 (1.12–3.48)† |
| BMI < 30 kg/m2 | Referent | Referent |
| Women | 1.06 (0.59–1.88) | 0.99 (0.55–1.79) |
| Men | Referent | Referent |
| African American | 0.88 (0.48–1.59) | 0.89 (0.48–1.65) |
| White | Referent | Referent |
| Ankle injury | 2.54 (1.24–5.22)† | 2.33 (1.11–4.92)† |
| No injury | Referent | Referent |
| Ankle symptoms | 3.30 (1.84–5.92)† | 2.99 (1.65–5.42)† |
| No ankle symptoms | Referent | Referent |
↵* n = 864 individuals/1728 ankles; missing data on injury (10 individuals/20 ankles), symptoms (1 individual/2 ankles), or KL (4 ankles) results in 1702 ankles available for complete case analysis.
↵† Statistically significant.
↵1 Adjusted only for intraperson correlation using generalized estimating equations.
↵2 Adjusted for intraperson correlation and all other listed covariates. OA: osteoarthritis; BMI: body mass index; KL: Kellgren-Lawrence arthritis grading scale.