Predictors of mortality in 609 incidence cases of RA. From Gabriel SE, et al. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:54–5870; with permission from John Wiley and Sons.
| Hazards Ratio* | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|
| Extraarticular manifestations | 4.4 | 3.2–6.3 |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 1.6 | 1.2–2.1 |
| Renal disease | 2.2 | 1.4–3.4 |
| Liver disease | 3.3 | 1.7–6.7 |
| Dementia | 3.7 | 2.7–5.0 |
| Cancer, no chemotherapy | 1.9 | 1.4–2.6 |
| Cancer, with chemotherapy | 6.9 | 3.6–12.9 |
| History of alcohol use | 2.7 | 1.8–4.1 |
| Steroid use | 1.5 | 1.2–2.0 |
↵* From the Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, history of smoking, and rheumatoid factor positivity.