Predictive variables of permanent visual loss using logistic regression: crude global model and model adjusted for age and sex*.
| Variables | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI), Adjusted for Age and Sex | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | — | — | 1.04 (0.96–1.12) | 0.31 |
| Male | — | — | 0.25 (0.06–1.04) | 0.06 |
| At least 1 CVRF | 0.90 (0.30–2.65) | 0.84 | 0.87 (0.29–2.64) | 0.81 |
| Symptomatic arteriosclerosis | 1.62 (0.33–7.96) | 0.55 | 2.23 (0.40–12.25) | 0.36 |
| Acute-onset GCA | 1.70 (0.60–4.81) | 0.31 | 1.58 (0.53–4.68) | 0.41 |
| Delay in diagnosis, days | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.39 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.37 |
| Abnormal temporal artery | 0.72 (0.17–2.97) | 0.65 | 0.71 (0.16–3.11) | 0.65 |
| Fever, ≥ 38°C | 0.19 (0.05–0.66) | 0.01 | 0.24 (0.07–0.88) | 0.03 |
| Rheumatic symptoms | 0.31 (0.09–1.08) | 0.07 | 0.29 (0.08–1.09) | 0.07 |
| Jaw claudication | 3.02 (1.08–8.48) | 0.04 | 3.22 (1.11–9.35) | 0.03 |
| Trismus | 1.89 (0.63–5.67) | 0.26 | 1.67 (0.54–5.16) | 0.38 |
| Upper limb artery involvement | 0.25 (0.03–2.27) | 0.22 | 0.18 (0.02–1.86) | 0.15 |
| TVIS recent history | 2.03 (0.73–5.60) | 0.17 | 2.54 (0.85–7.58) | 0.09 |
| ESR, mm/h | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.32 | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.28 |
| CRP, mg/l | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.07 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.22 |
| Hemoglobin, g/l | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 0.44 | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) | 0.15 |
| Leukocyte counts, g/l | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.10 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.27 |
| Platelet count, g/l | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.16 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.27 |
| IgG-aCL positivity | 0.69 (0.23–2.09) | 0.52 | 0.76 (0.24–2.40) | 0.65 |
↵* Obtained using multivariate logistic regression analyses with backward stepwise selection. CVRF: cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking); GCA: giant cell arteritis; TVIS: transient visual ischemic symptoms; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; IgG: immunoglobulin G; aCL: anticardiolipin antibodies.