Results from analyses by proportional hazards models of longterm sickness absence more than 1 year after diagnosis with RA. All analyses were controlled for ethnicity, urbanization, season, and family type.
| Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| RA† | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.8*** | 1.7–1.9 | 1.8*** | 1.8–1.9 | 2.4*** | 2.1–2.8 |
| Calendar yr | ||||||
| 1994–1999 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 2000–2005 | 2.3*** | 2.1–2.4 | 2.0*** | 1.9–2.1 | 2.0*** | 1.9–2.1 |
| 2006–2011 | 2.3*** | 2.2–2.4 | 1.9*** | 1.8–2.0 | 2.0*** | 1.8–2.1 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Male | 0.7*** | 0.7–0.7 | 0.8*** | 0.7–0.8 | 0.7*** | 0.7–0.8 |
| Highest education obtained | ||||||
| Elementary school/high school | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Vocational training | 0.9*** | 0.9–1.0 | 0.9*** | 0.9–1.0 | 0.9*** | 0.9–1.0 |
| Tertiary/polytechnic school | 0.8*** | 0.8–0.9 | 0.8*** | 0.8–0.9 | 0.8*** | 0.8–0.9 |
| Higher education, e.g., Master, PhD | 0.5*** | 0.5–0.6 | 0.5*** | 0.5–0.6 | 0.5*** | 0.5–0.6 |
| NA | 1.0 | 0.9–1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9–1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9–1.1 |
| Physical job exposure, kg/day | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 1–5999 | 1.4*** | 1.3–1.4 | 1.4*** | 1.3–1.4 | 1.3*** | 1.3–1.4 |
| ≥ 6000 | 1.6*** | 1.5–1.6 | 1.5*** | 1.5–1.6 | 1.5*** | 1.5–1.6 |
| Somatic comorbidity‡ | ||||||
| No | — | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | — | 1.5*** | 1.5–1.6 | 1.5*** | 1.5–1.6 | |
| Psychiatric comorbidity | ||||||
| No | — | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | — | 1.9*** | 1.8–1.9 | 1.9*** | 1.8–2.0 | |
| RA × calendar yr | ||||||
| 1994–1999 | — | — | 1 | |||
| 2000–2005 | — | — | 0.9 | 0.8–1.1 | ||
| 2006–2011 | — | — | 0.8*** | 0.7–0.9 | ||
| RA × sex | ||||||
| Female | — | — | 1 | |||
| Male | — | — | 1.1* | 1.0–1.3 | ||
| RA × somatic comorbidity‡ | ||||||
| No | — | — | 1 | |||
| Yes | — | — | 0.8*** | 0.7–0.9 | ||
| RA × psychiatric comorbidity | ||||||
| No | — | — | 1 | |||
| Yes | — | — | 0.8** | 0.7–0.9 | ||