Table 2.

Multiple linear regression analysis. Standardized β coefficient, partial R² and regression p are shown for those variables that met an inclusion criterion of p < 0.15 from a fully saturated model of variables selected from external clinical judgment, for an association with erosion score.

Clinical Features	Model Constructed from External Clinical Judgment		Reduced Model (F = 17.8, R² = 0.58, p < 0.0001)
	Standardized β Coefficient	p	Standardized β Coefficient	p	Partial R²
Age	−0.045	0.635
Sex	0.023	0.769
Māori or Pacific ethnicity	0.169	0.048	0.171	0.016	5%
Gout disease duration	0.088	0.259
Total no. tophi	0.459	< 0.0001	0.460	< 0.0001	39%
Serum urate	0.057	0.469
Serum creatinine	0.182	0.038	0.222	0.004	5%
RANKL concentration	0.184	0.041	0.209	0.009	3%
OPG concentration	0.142	0.119	0.158	0.036	2%
Sclerostin concentration	−0.168	0.028	−0.172	0.019	3%
DKK-1 concentration	−0.060	0.480
FGF-23 concentration	0.012	0.892
P1NP concentration	0.122	0.197
β-CTX concentration	−0.222	0.033	−0.12588	0.103

RANKL: receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand; OPG: osteoprotegerin; DKK: Dickkopf 1; FGF-23: fibroblast growth factor 23; P1NP: procollagen type-1 N-terminal propeptide; CTX: collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide, type I.