Clinical characteristics, lipids, and lipoproteins of patients with AS and controls. Values are mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
| Patients, n = 35 | Controls, n = 35 | p* | p (adjusted)** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 46.1 ± 13.3 | 45.3 ± 12.6 | 0.840 | |
| Men, n (%) | 30 (86) | 26 (74) | 0.232 | |
| Disease duration, yrs | 19.0 ± 11.1 | — | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.9 ± 4.8 | 24.7 ± 2.3 | 0.806 | |
| CRP, mg/dl | 4.9 ± 3.2 | 3.7 ± 3.0 | 0.110 | |
| BASDAI (0–10) | 3.2 ± 0.7 | — | ||
| Anti-TNF-α use, n (%) | 35 (100) | — | ||
| DMARD use, n (%) | 6 (17) | — | ||
| Steroid use, n (%) | 1 (3) | — | ||
| Current smokers, n (%) | 13 (37) | 12 (34) | 0.803 | |
| CVD, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 1.000 | |
| HTN, n (%) | 8 (23) | 3 (9) | 0.101 | |
| DM, n (%) | 1 (3) | 0 | 0.314 | |
| Obesity, n (%) | 5 (14) | 1 (3) | 0.088 | |
| Statin use, n (%) | 9 (26) | 3(9) | 0.057 | |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 170.1 ± 38.9 | 182.5 ± 49.6 | 0.249 | 0.232 |
| HDL-C, mg/dl | 49.9 ± 17.2 | 49.3 ± 13.7 | 0.855 | 0.627 |
| LDL-C, mg/dl | 105.4 ± 40.2 | 110.3 ± 48.8 | 0.649 | 0.491 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 89.1 ± 45.6 | 114.8 ± 54.1 | 0.035 | 0.005*** |
| apoA–I, mg/dl | 144.1 ± 49.8 | 165.7 ± 42.0 | 0.054 | 0.202 |
↵* p calculated by Student’s t test for continuous variables and chi-square test of association for categorical variables.
↵** p calculated by general linear model univariate analysis including sex, smoking, HTN, obesity, DM, CVD, and statin use as covariates.
↵*** Adjustment for each covariant independently of the others resulted in p values between 0.016 and 0.047. AS: ankylosing spondylitis; BMI: body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; BASDAI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; anti-TNF-α: anti-tumor necrosis factor-α; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; HTN: hypertension; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; apoA–I: apolipoprotein A–I.