Difference in mean scores for diversity of participation in overall, active physical, sedentary, non-sport skill-based, formal, and informal leisure activities according to sociodemographic and disease-related factors. Data are mean (95% CI), excluding missing values.
| Overall Leisure | Active Physical | Sedentary | Non-sport Skill-based | Formal | Informal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | ||||||
| 5 to ≤ 11 | 6.5 (5.5, 7.5) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.1)§ | 4.3 (3.8, 4.8)§ | 0.6 (0.2, 1.0) E | 1.5 (0.8, 2.2)§ | 5.0 (4.6, 5.4) |
| ≥ 12 | 5.8 (4.0, 7.0) | 1.3 (0.8, 1.9)§ | 4.1 (3.3, 4.9) E | 0.3 (0.1, 0.5) E | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5)§ | 4.7 (3.7, 5.6) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 6.3 (5.3, 7.4) | 1.3 (0.8, 1.9)§ | 4.1 (3.5, 4.7) E | 0.6 d (0.3, 1.0) E | 1.0 (0.4, 1.6) | 5.0 (4.3, 5.6)§ |
| Male | 6.0 (4.8, 7.1) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.1) | 4.4 (3.7, 5.1)§ | 0.2 d (0, 0.4) E | 1.5 (0.9, 2.1) | 4.8 (4.1, 5.5) |
| Total family income (Can$/yr) | ||||||
| < 60,000 | 5.6 (4.7, 6.5) | 1.1 (0.6, 1.6)§ | 4.2 (3.6, 4.8)§ | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) E | 1.0 (0.4, 1.6)E | 4.6 (4.2, 5.1) |
| ≥ 60 000 | 6.6 (5.5, 7.7) | 1.8 (1.2, 2.3) | 4.3 (3.7, 4.9)§ | 0.6 (0.2, 1.0) E | 1.6 (1.0, 2.2)§ | 5.0 (4.3, 5.8) |
| Difficulty walking | ||||||
| None | 6.1 (5.1, 7.1) | 1.4 (0.9, 1.8)§ | 4.3 (3.7, 4.9)§ | 0.5 (0.1, 0.8) E | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6)§ | 5.0 (4.3, 5.6) |
| Mild to severe | 6.3 (5.0, 7.6) | 1.7 (1.0, 2.4)§ | 4.1 (3.4, 4.7)E | 0.5 (0.2, 0.8) E | 1.6 (0.8, 2.4)§ | 4.7 (4.0, 5.3) |
| Disease duration, yrs | ||||||
| < 5 | 6.3 (5.3, 7.3) | 1.6 (0.9, 2.4) | 4.1 (3.5, 4.7)§ | 0.6 (0.3, 0.8) E | 1.5 (0.8, 2.3) | 4.8 (4.2, 5.3) |
| ≥ 5 | 6.1 (5.0, 7.3) | 1.4 (1.0, 1.8) | 4.3 (3.7, 4.9) E | 0.4 (0, 0.8) E | 1.2 (0.7, 1.8) | 4.9 (4.2, 5.7) |
| Difficulty using hands | ||||||
| None | 6.3 (5.2, 7.3) | 1.4 (0.9, 1.8) | 4.4 (3.8, 5.0)§ | 0.5 (0.2, 0.9) E | 1.3 (0.7, 1.8)§ | 5.0 (4.4, 5.7) |
| Mild to severe | 6.0 (4.8, 7.3) | 1.8 (1.0, 2.5)§ | 3.9 (3.3, 4.6)E | 0.4 (0, 0.7) E | 1.5 (0.7, 2.3)§ | 4.6 (3.9, 5.3) |
| Pain intensity | ||||||
| No pain | 6.4 (5.2, 7.5) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.2)§ | 4.2 (3.6, 4.8)§ | 0.6 (0.2, 1.0) E | 1.5 (0.9, 2.2)§ | 4.9 (4.2, 5.5) |
| Mild to severe | 6.0 (5.0, 7.0) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.8) | 4.3 (3.6, 5.0) E | 0.4 (0.1, 0.1) E | 1.1 (0.6, 1.6)§ | 4.9 (4.2, 5.7) |
| Medication use | ||||||
| Never | 5.0 (3.8, 6.2)a | 1.0 (0.4, 1.6)§ | 3.8 (3.0, 4.6)§ | 0.2 (0, 0.4) E | 0.7g (0.1, 1.2) E | 4.3 (3.4, 5.2) |
| At least once weekly | 6.6 (5.8, 7.4)a | 1.7 (1.3, 2.1) | 4.4 (3.9, 4.9) E | 0.6 (0.2, 0.9) E | 1.6g (1.1, 2.1) | 5.1 (4.5, 5.6) |
| Rehabilitation services received | ||||||
| < once monthly | 6.4 (5.5, 7.2) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.0) | 4.4 (3.9, 4.8)§ | 0.5 (0.2, 0.8) E | 1.4 (0.9, 1.9)§ | 5.0 (4.5, 5.5) |
| ≥ once monthly | 5.3 (3.4, 7.1)§ | 1.3 (0.7, 1.8)§ | 3.7 (2.7, 4.7)E | 0.3 (0, 0.7) E | 0.9 (0.2, 1.6)E | 4.4 (3.2, 5.7) |
| Locally available recreational facilities | ||||||
| No | 4.0 b (2.6, 5.4)§ | 0.3 c (−0.1, 0.7) E | 3.5 (2.0, 5.1)§ | 0.2 (−0.1, 0.5) E | 0.3h (−0.1, 0.7)E | 3.7§ (2.4, 5.1) |
| Yes | 6.0 b (4.7, 7.3) | 1.3c (0.8, 1.9)§ | 4.3 (3.9, 4.8) E | 0.5 (0.2, 0.8) E | 1.2h (0.6, 1.8)§ | 4.8 (4.1, 5.6) |
| High cost of leisure activities | ||||||
| Yes | 4.6 (3.5, 5.7) | 0.7 (0.0, 1.4)E | 3.7 (2.5, 5.0)E | 0.1e (−0.1, 0.3) E | 0.4 (−0.1, 1.0)E | 4.1 (3.1, 5.1) |
| No | 6.2 (4.7, 7.7) | 1.3 (0.8, 1.9)§ | 4.4 (3.9, 4.8)§ | 0.6e (0.3, 0.9) E | 1.3 (0.6, 2.0)§ | 4.9 (3.9, 5.8) |
| Child’s need for assistance | ||||||
| Yes | 5.0 (3.6, 6.4) | 0.9 (0.2, 1.6)§ | 3.9 (3.0, 4.9)E | 0.2f (−0.1, 0.1) E | 0.7 (0.2, 1.2) E | 4.3 (3.3, 5.3) |
| No | 6.8 (5.2, 8.3) | 1.5 (1.0, 2.1)§ | 4.4 (4.0, 4.9)§ | 0.6f (0.3, 1.0) E | 1.6 (0.7, 2.6)§ | 5.2 (4.4, 5.9) |
↵§ 16.6% < Coefficient of variation ≤ 33.3% → use with caution.
↵E Coefficient of variation > 33.3% → unreliable. Pairs statistically significant for α levels (α = 0.05) are assigned the same letter; pairs that remain significant based on adjusted Bonferroni correction (i.e., α/11 = 0.005) are in bold face. Possible range for diversity leisure scores (minimum, maximum): overall leisure (0–11); active physical (0–3); sedentary (0–6); non-sport skill-based (0–2); formal (0–4); informal (0–7).