Calprotectin levels in plasma and serum in patients with RA. Values are mean (SD) unless otherwise specified.
| Study | Type | Disease Duration, Yrs | Responders or Nonresponders | n | Calprotectin, µg/l | Healthy Controls, n | Control Levels | Reference Value | Concomitant Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma calprotectin | |||||||||
| Berntzen, et al24 | CS | NR | 47 | 2602 (1831) | ≤ 910 | NR | |||
| Berntzen, et al25 | CS | 5 (0.3–45) | 41 | 9400 (985–46,078) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, NSAID | |||
| Brun, et al26 | CS | 8 (0.3–36) | 43 | 12185 (540–49,486) | 43 | 697 (480–1490) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC, NSAID | |
| Brun, et al27 | CS | 13 (146.6) | 70 | 8406 (6088) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC, NSAID | |||
| Madland, et al29 | CS | 8 (2–19) | 56 | 8853 (4010–26,619*) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC | |||
| Drynda, et al30 | CS | NR | 23 | 14516 (12,949) | 10 | 500–3000 | NR | NR | |
| Longitudinal | NR | 37 | 15516 (11,566) | 10 | 500–3000 | NR | NR | ||
| Hammer, et al33 | CS | 12.7 (1.1) | 145 | 1800 (300–8700) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC, NSAID | |||
| De Seny, et al34 | CS | 8.7 (0.1–19) | 34 | 607 (145–3387) | 36 | 272 (107–542) | 1.6–100 | DMARD, GC | |
| Hammer, et al35 | Longitudinal | 132 days (83) | 61 | 1923 (1511) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC, NSAID | |||
| Hammer, et al36 | Longitudinal | 2.2 (1.2) | 124 | 2200 (1100–4200*) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC | |||
| Hammer, et al38 | Longitudinal | 7.5 (1–25) | 20 | 2020 (560–20,440) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC, NSAID | |||
| Serum calprotectin | |||||||||
| De Rycke, et al31 | CS | 7 (0.2–30) | 40 | 1075 (210–11,390) | 20 | 280 (130–680) | NR | DMARD, GC | |
| Sunahori, et al32 | CS | NR | 17 | 38900 (6000) | NR | DMARD, GC | |||
| Andrés Cerezo, et al37 | Longitudinal | < 6 mos | 43 | 5990 (880) | 32 | 1920 (1160) | NR | Treatment-naive | |
| García-Arias, et al39 | CS | 10.6 (7.2) | 60 | 4700 (3600) | 1140, 95% 2940 | Biologics, DMARD, GC, NSAID | |||
| Longitudinal | 16.3 (8.4) | 20 | 6475 (3519) | ||||||
| Choi, et al40 | Longitudinal | ADA group | Responders | 65 | 1100 (712–1615*) | ≤ 910 | DMARD, GC | ||
| Nonresponders | 21 | 730 (575–1065*) | |||||||
| IFX group | Responders | 45 | 2650 (1483–4120*) | ||||||
| Nonresponders | 15 | 1220 (1053–1533*) | |||||||
| RTX group | Responders | 13 | 2811 (1945–4525*) | ||||||
| Nonresponders | 11 | 1050 (780–1290*) |
↵* Median (range or IQR). RA: rheumatoid arthritis; CS: cross-sectional; ADA: adalimumab; IFX: infliximab; RTX: rituximab; NR: not reported; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; GC: glucocorticoids; IQR: interquartile range.