Variable | Cases, n = 279 | Controls, n = 3348 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | |
Matching variables | ||||
Patient age, yrs, mean ± SD | 64 ± 12 | 64 ± 12 | ||
Mean followup time, days, mean ± SD | 238 ± 196 | 238 ± 196 | ||
Female | 182 | 65.2 | 2184 | 65.2 |
CV risk factors | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 82 | 29.4 | 564 | 16.8 |
Hyperlipidemia | 98 | 35.1 | 1162 | 34.7 |
Hypertension | 165 | 59.1 | 1571 | 46.9 |
Other comorbid conditions | ||||
COPD | 61 | 21.9 | 484 | 14.5 |
Any malignancy | 22 | 7.9 | 287 | 8.6 |
Concurrent drug use† | ||||
Pain relievers | ||||
COXIB | 21 | 7.5 | 205 | 6.1 |
NSAID | 29 | 10.4 | 320 | 9.6 |
Steroids | 135 | 48.4 | 1569 | 46.9 |
CV medications | ||||
ACE inhibitors | 53 | 19 | 573 | 17.1 |
β blockers | 68 | 24.4 | 541 | 16.2 |
Lipid-lowering agents | 85 | 30.5 | 858 | 25.6 |
Calcium channel blockers | 61 | 21.9 | 494 | 14.8 |
Other CV drugs‡ | 74 | 26.5 | 560 | 16.7 |
↵† Concurrent drug use was defined as any use in the period of 90 days prior to the event date;
↵‡ Other CV drugs include cardiac glycosides, antiarrhythmic agents, hypotensive agents, vasodilating agents, and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. COXIB: cyclooxygenase inhibitors; NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.