Symptoms and neuropsychometric outcomes in patients with thinking scores ≤ 50 and greater than 50 years old.
| n | Under 50 Mean (95% CI) | STD | n | 50 + Mean (95% CI) | STD | p | Cohen’s D | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 13 | 52.154 (46.2, 58.1) | 9.839 | 5 | 53.200 (42.2, 64.3) | 8.899 | 0.8388 | –0.1088 |
| Education | 13 | 15.846 (14.5, 17.2) | 2.267 | 4 | 14.250 (9.7, 18.8) | 2.872 | 0.2630 | 0.6649 |
| BPI–S | 12 | 1.958 (0.8, 3.1) | 1.864 | 5 | 5.220 (2.5, 7.9) | 2.183 | 0.0068 | –1.6689 |
| CES–D | 13 | 8.231 (3.6, 12.9) | 7.694 | 5 | 29.800 (15.2, 44.3) | 11.692 | 0.0003 | –2.4334 |
| PSQI | 13 | 7.231 (5.0, 9.4) | 3.655 | 5 | 13.600 (8.9, 18.3) | 3.782 | 0.0047 | –1.7275 |
| FSS | 13 | 5.136 (4.3, 6.0) | 1.443 | 5 | 6.712 (6.4, 7.1) | 0.279 | 0.0300 | –1.2530 |
| Similarities | 13 | 57.949 (52.8, 63.1) | 8.448 | 5 | 62.000 (46.9, 77.1) | 12.156 | 0.4302 | –0.4259 |
| Digit symbol | 13 | 57.692 (54.0, 61.4) | 6.144 | 5 | 49.333 (41.9, 56.7) | 5.963 | 0.0192 | 1.3705 |
| Digit span | 13 | 53.333 (50.7, 55.9) | 4.303 | 5 | 48.667 (40.6, 56.7) | 6.498 | 0.0918 | 0.9439 |
| HVLT total | 13 | 51.769 (47.0, 56.6) | 7.960 | 5 | 49.000 (35.2, 62.8) | 11.113 | 0.5606 | 0.3128 |
| HVLT delay | 13 | 51.462 (47.0, 56.0) | 7.446 | 5 | 46.800 (29.7, 63.9) | 13.809 | 0.3624 | 0.4934 |
| HVLT % retained | 13 | 50.154 (44.2, 56.1) | 9.915 | 5 | 43.800 (28.1, 59.5) | 12.617 | 0.2738 | 0.5963 |
| HVLT disc index | 13 | 53.000 (49.7, 56.3) | 5.492 | 5 | 53.000 (44.4, 61.6) | 6.964 | — | 0.0000 |
| Boston Naming Test | 13 | 54.538 (48.5, 60.6) | 10.055 | 4 | 54.250 (45.3, 63.2) | 5.620 | 0.9576 | 0.0309 |
| COWAT | 13 | 44.723 (38.8, 50.6) | 9.730 | 4 | 44.425 (32.8, 56.0) | 7.301 | 0.9560 | 0.0321 |
| Trail A | 13 | 60.715 (58.1, 63.4) | 4.388 | 5 | 60.880 (58.5, 63.3) | 1.925 | 0.9374 | –0.0420 |
| Trail B | 13 | 58.746 (55.6, 61.9) | 5.224 | 5 | 53.620 (50.1, 57.2) | 2.868 | 0.0568 | 1.0801 |
| Stroop-C | 13 | 56.923 (51.0, 62.9) | 9.853 | 4 | 51.500 (42.4, 55.7) | 5.745 | 0.3179 | 0.5908 |
| WCST | 13 | 51.769 (47.9, 55.7) | 6.431 | 3 | 43.333 (20.3, 66.4) | 9.292 | 0.0775 | 1.2204 |
| PASAT | 13 | 51.385 (47.4, 55.4) | 6.602 | 5 | 39.540 (25.6, 53.5) | 11.252 | 0.0127 | 1.4766 |
BPI-S: Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form; CES-D: Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; FSS: Fatigue Severity Scale; HVLT: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; COWAT: Controlled Oral Word Association Test; Stroop-C: Stroop Color and Word Test; WCST: Wisconsin Card Sort Test; PASAT: Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Test.