Features of the 12 studies used.
| No. | Study | Citation | Region | Sample Size | Induction (weeks) | Biopsy Class (%) | Baseline Features (mean ± SD) | Complete Renal Remission Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Appel GB, 2009 | 18 | International (ALMS) | 370 | 24 | III, III/V (15.7), IV, IV/V (68.1), V (16.2) | sCr (µmol/l, same below): 100.6 ± 1.1; urine protein/creatinine ratio: 4.1 ± 3.7 | Return to normal sCr, proteinuria ≤ 0.5 g/day, and inactive urinary sediment (≤ 5 white and ≤ 5 erythrocytes per HPF, and a reading of < ++ on dipstick and absence of RBC casts) |
| 2 | Chan TM, 2005 | 19 | China (Hong Kong) | 64 | 24 | IV, IV/V (100) | sCr: 112.9 ± 57.0; proteinuria (g/24 h, same below): 5.32 ± 3.94 | Proteinuria < 0.3 g/day, normal urinary sediment, normal serum albumin, and improved or stable renal function |
| 3 | Chen W, 2011 | 20 | China (southern) | 81 | 24 | III (3.7), IV (71.6), V (11.1), III/V, IV/V (13.6) | sCr: 82.88 ± 102.54; proteinuria: 1.50 ± 1.40 | Proteinuria < 0.3 g/day with normal urinary sediment, normal serum albumin (≥ 35 g/l), and stable kidney function (normal sCr or ≤ 15% above baseline values) |
| 4 | Donadio Jr JV, 1972 | 21 | North America (Mayo) | 16 | 24 | III, IV (100) | Proteinuria: 3.39 ± 3.36 | Proteinuria < 0.5 g/day, inactive urine sediments (≤ 8 erythrocytes per HPF and absent of RBC casts) |
| 5 | Donadio Jr JV, 1976 | 17 | North America | 39 | 24 | IV (100) | Proteinuria: 5.11 ± 3.50 | Proteinuria < 0.5 g/day |
| 6 | El-Shafey EM, 2010 | 22 | North Africa | 47 | 24 | III (31.9), IV (68.1) | sCr: 137.15 ± 50.24; proteinuria: 2.03 ± 1.05 | Normal sCr, reduction in proteinuria < 0.5 g/day and urinary sediment < 5 erythrocytes per HPF, without RBC casts |
| 7 | Ginzler EM, 2005 | 23 | North America (NYC) | 140 | 24 | III (15.7), IV (54.3), V (19.3), III/V, IV/V (10.7) | sCr: 94.58 ± 44.64; proteinuria: 4.25 ± 3.30 | The return to within 10% of normal values of sCr, proteinuria (< 0.33–0.4 g/day), and urine sediment |
| 8 | Hahn BH, 1975 | 24 | North America (Missouri) | 24 | 24 | III (15), II (25), V (15), IV/V (45) | Proteinuria ≤ 0.2 g/day; OR inactive urine sediments (≤ 6 erythrocyte per HPF), OR normal renal function (sCr clearance > 80 ml/min) | |
| 9 | Li X, 2012 | 9 | China (eastern) | 60 | 24 | III, IV(66.7), III/V, IV/V (20), V(13.3) | sCr: 77; proteinuria: 3.57 | Proteinuria < 0.3 g/day, normal urine sediment, serum albumin> 35 g/l and stabilization (± 15%) or improvement in sCr at 24 weeks |
| 10 | Miyasaka N, 2009 | 25 | Japan (Tokyo) | 63 | 28 | III (17.5), IV (30.2), V (27.0), II (4.8) | sCr: 61.19 proteinuria: 1.55 | Proteinuria < 0.3 g/day |
| 11 | Ong LM, 2005 | 26 | Southeastern Asia (Malaysia) | 44 | 24 | III (6.8), III/V (2.3), IV (61.4), IV/V (29.5) | sCr: 95.08 ± 38.95; proteinuria: 2.48 ± 1.54 | Stabilization or improvement in renal function, urinary sediment < 10 erythrocytes per HPF and proteinuria < 0.3 g/day |
| 12 | Ren H, 2007 | 27 | China (eastern) | 25 | 24 | IV (100) | sCr < 265.2; proteinuria > 2.0 | Proteinuria < 0.4 g/day, no active urinary sediment (< 10 erythrocytes per HPF), serum albumin > 35 g/l, and normal sCr |
RBC: red blood cell; sCr: serum creatinine; HPF: high power field.