Independent predictors of incident depression in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort based on a multivariate model.
| Variables | Comparison | Adjusted RR, 95% CI | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time since SLE diagnosis | Per 10-yr difference | 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) | 0.0006 |
| Ethnicity | East Asian vs others | 0.1 (0.01, 0.8) | 0.031 |
| Disability | Yes vs no | 1.4 (1.0, 1.8) | 0.034 |
| Income | Combined Income > 100,000 | 0.7 (0.5, 1.1) | 0.15 |
| Year of enrollment | Year after 2005 | 0.6 (0.5, 0.8) | 0.0008 |
| Cutaneous activity | Some vs none | 1.7 (1.2, 2.2) | 0.0008 |
| History of longitudinal myelitis | Yes vs no | 4.5 (1.6, 12.2) | 0.0033 |
| High dose of prednisone | 20 mg/day+ vs less | 2.0 (1.3, 2.9) | 0.0006 |
RR: rate ratio; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.