Descriptive characteristics of patients with PsA (psoriatic arthritis), with and without insulin resistance (IR; n = 263). Data are percent unless otherwise indicated.
| Characteristics | PsA Patients with IR, n = 41 | PsA Patients without IR, n = 222 | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male | 54 | 46 | 0.36 |
| Age, yrs, ± SD | 59 ± 12 | 53.6 ± 12 | 0.01 |
| Smoking | 0.26 | ||
| Never | 46 | 58.5 | |
| Former smoker | 44 | 31 | |
| Current | 10 | 10 | |
| Smoking pack-yrs, ± SD | 28.7 ± 35 | 15.5 ± 12.6 | 0.09 |
| Alcohol intake, units/week, ± SD | 9 ± 9 | 7.6 ± 8 | 0.24 |
| BMI, ± SD | 33 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | < 0.001 |
| Education status | 0.22 | ||
| ≤ Primary school | 29 | 22 | |
| Duration of PsA, yrs, ± SD | 18.7 ± 8 | 19 ± 9.6 | 0.66 |
| Family history of PsO | 58.5 | 64 | 0.47 |
| Family history of PsA | 16.6 | 17 | 0.94 |
| PsO age of onset, yrs ± SD | 35.5 ± 15 | 25.5 ± 13 | < 0.001 |
| PsA age of onset, yrs ± SD | 39.8 ± 13 | 34 ± 12.5 | 0.009 |
| Time from PsO to PsA development, yrs ± SD | 4 ± 7.7 | 8 ± 11 | 0.01 |
| Type II PsO | 34 | 13 | 0.001 |
| PASI maximum, score ± SD | 6 ± 5.4 | 5 ± 4.8 | 0.25 |
| BSA maximum, score ± SD | 10 ± 12 | 8 ± 7 | 0.27 |
| PASI current, score ± SD | 2.2 ± 2.9 | 1.6 ± 1.8 | 0.21 |
| Nail disease | 80 | 79 | 0.86 |
| Oligoarthritis | 5 | 7 | 0.58 |
| Erosions | 51 | 46 | 0.53 |
| Sacroiliitis | 27 | 26 | 0.87 |
| Osteolysis | 19.5 | 14 | 0.35 |
| Arthritis mutilans | 12 | 7 | 0.27 |
| Deformed joints | 71 | 65 | 0.53 |
| PsO requiring TNFi | 17 | 11 | 0.25 |
| PsA requiring TNFi | 73 | 59 | 0.08 |
| Severe disease (radiographic PsA damage* along with PsA requiring TNFi) | 58.5 | 36 | 0.008 |
| MetS | 83 | 37 | < 0.001 |
| CRP, current, mg/dl, ± SD | 3.3 ± 2.8 | 3.1 ± 3.2 | 0.73 |
| ESR, maximum, mm/h, ± SD | 36.7 ± 26 | 29.6 ± 23 | 0.08 |
| BRAF, score ± SD | 14.5 ± 4.8 | 14 ± 5 | 0.72 |
| HAQ, score ± SD | 0.71 ± 0.59 | 0.54 ± 0.56 | 0.08 |
| DLQI, score ± SD | 3.6 ± 5.6 | 2.3 ± 3.4 | 0.18 |
| EQ-5D, score ± SD | 7.6 ± 1.7 | 7.1 ± 1.8 | 0.11 |
↵* Radiographic abnormalities of peripheral joint erosions, osteolysis, and sacroiliitis. BSA: body surface area; PASI: psoriasis area and severity index; BRAF: Bristol Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue Numeric Rating Scale; HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire; DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index; TNFi: tumor necrosis factor inhibitor; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; PsO: psoriasis; BMI: body mass index.