Comparison of demographics, disease characteristics, and treatments of patients with PsA by likelihood of depression.
| Variables | Frequency (%) or Mean (SD) | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unlikely Depression (HADS ≤ 7), n = 238 | Possible Clinical Probable Depression (HADS 8–10), n = 40 | Clinical Depression (HADS ≥ 11), n = 28 | ||
| Age, yrs | 53.7 (12.8) | 53.7 (13.9) | 55.0 (12.7) | 0.88 |
| Age at diagnosis of PsC, yrs | 27.1 (13.6) | 30.6 (14.2) | 26.5 (14.4) | 0.32 |
| Age at diagnosis of PsA, yrs | 36.2 (12.9) | 38.7 (14.3) | 35.5 (11.7) | 0.49 |
| Sex (female) | 84 (35.3%) | 22 (55%) | 12 (42.9%) | 0.05 |
| Unemployed | 80 (33.6%) | 22 (55%) | 20 (71.4%) | < 0.0001 |
| Education status (college/university) | 197 (82.8%) | 30 (76.9%) | 21 (75%) | 0.46 |
| Married/common-law | 172 (72.3%) | 28 (71.8%) | 19 (67.9%) | 0.89 |
| Smoking status | 0.24 | |||
| Nonsmoker | 147 (61.8%) | 21 (53.9%) | 14 (50%) | |
| Current | 20 (8.4%) | 5 (12.8%) | 6 (21.4%) | |
| Past | 71 (29.8%) | 12 (33.3%) | 8 (28.6%) | |
| Alcohol consumption | 0.06 | |||
| None | 102 (42.9%) | 21 (53.9%) | 19 (67.9%) | |
| Social | 117 (49.2%) | 16 (41.0%) | 6 (21.4%) | |
| Daily | 19 (8.0%) | 2 (5.1%) | 3 (10.7%) | |
| PASI | 3.4 (3.9) | 2.3 (3.1) | 3.96 (6.2) | 0.35 |
| Active joint count | 4.3 (5.2) | 10 (10.0) | 11.4 (7.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Damaged joint count | 12.2 (12.6) | 10.4 (14.0) | 14.2 (14.9) | 0.66 |
| Physician global assessment (fair-very poor) | 33 (14.5%) | 9 (24.3%) | 13 (48.2%) | < 0.0001 |
| HAQ | 0.48 (0.60) | 0.95 (0.64) | 1.26 (0.50) | < 0.0001 |
| HAQ pain (0–100) | 24.7 (24) | 43.8 (26.8) | 56.8 (26.5) | < 0.0001 |
| SF-36 MCS | 51.6 (9.3) | 40.6 (10.0) | 35.3 (11.4) | < 0.0001 |
| SF-36 PCS | 43.6 (11.5) | 34.1 (9.7) | 27.4 (7.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Patient’s global assessment (fair-very poor) | 73 (30.9%) | 32 (80%) | 23 (82.1%) | < 0.0001 |
| DLQI | 2.92 (3.96) | 5.3 (6.1) | 5.5 (7.8) | 0.001 |
| FSS | 3.56 (2.79) | 7.2 (2.2) | 8.5 (1.8) | < 0.0001 |
| Ultraviolet therapy | 4 (1.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.56 |
| Topicals for psoriasis | 134 (56.8%) | 19 (48.7%) | 10 (35.7%) | 0.09 |
| NSAID | 135 (57.2%) | 28 (71.8%) | 21 (75%) | 0.06 |
| DMARD | 138 (58.5%) | 24 (61.5%) | 16 (57.1%) | 0.92 |
| Biologic agents | 113 (47.9%) | 16 (41%) | 16 (57.1%) | 0.43 |
| Anti-depressants | 24 (10.2%) | 9 (23.1%) | 8 (28.6%) | 0.005 |
PsA: psoriatic arthritis; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; PsC: psoriasis without PsA; PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire; SF-36: Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36; MCS: SF-36 mental subscale; PCS: SF-36 bodily pain subscale; DLQI: Dermatology Quality of Life Index; FSS: Fatigue Severity Scale; NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.