Patient baseline characteristics for treatment groups.
| Characteristics | Never Taking Therapy, n = 11,192 | < 80% Time Taking Therapy, n = 3902 | ≥ 80% Time Taking Therapy, n = 1092 | Total Patients, n = 16,186 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. days during followup, mean (SD) | 746.9 (275.89) | 804.8 (253.31) | 751.7 (279.25) | 761.2 (271.95) | |
| Male, n (%) | 6802 (60.8) | 2746 (70.4) | 739 (67.7) | 10287 (63.6) | < 0.001 |
| Age, yrs, mean (SD) | 57.6 (14.10) | 60.8 (12.63) | 65.0 (11.38) | 58.9 (13.76) | < 0.001 |
| Age, yrs, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| ≤ 50 | 3346 (29.9) | 796 (20.4) | 116 (10.6) | 4258 (26.3) | |
| 51–60 | 2985 (26.7) | 1068 (27.4) | 243 (22.3) | 4296 (26.5) | |
| 61–70 | 2713 (24.2) | 1117 (28.6) | 380 (34.8) | 4210 (26) | |
| > 70 | 2148 (19.2) | 921 (23.6) | 353 (32.3) | 3422 (21.1) | |
| Race, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| White | 4913 (43.9) | 1455 (37.3) | 580 (53.1) | 6948 (42.9) | |
| Black | 2103 (18.8) | 858 (22) | 158 (14.5) | 3119 (19.3) | |
| Hispanic | 1641 (14.7) | 508 (13) | 92 (8.4) | 2241 (13.8) | |
| Asian | 1171 (10.5) | 651 (16.7) | 146 (13.4) | 1968 (12.2) | |
| Other | 1364 (12.1) | 430 (11.0) | 116 (10.7) | 1910 (11.8) | |
| Laboratory data, mean (SD) | |||||
| sUA level, mg/dl, index date | 8.1 (1.02) | 8.9 (1.30) | 9.2 (1.43) | 8.3 (1.20) | < 0.001 |
| GFR, ml/min/1.72 m2) | 70.5 (16.07) | 67.1 (16.10) | 61.7 (16.07) | 69.1 (16.26) | < 0.001 |
| Initial ULT, n (%) | |||||
| Allopurinol | 0 (0) | 3830 (98.2) | 1080 (98.9) | 4910 (98.3) | |
| Febuxostat | 0 (0) | 4 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 4 (0.1) | |
| Probenecid | 0 (0) | 68 (1.7) | 12 (1.1) | 80 (1.6) | |
| Days taking therapy, mean (SD) | 0 (0) | 268.1 (202.64) | 689.4 (262.07) | 360.3 (278.23) | |
| Comorbidities of population, n (%) | |||||
| CV-related diseases | 1475 (13.2) | 627 (16.1) | 235 (21.5) | 2337 (14.4) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2251 (20.1) | 754 (19.3) | 278 (25.5) | 3283 (20.3) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 5192 (46.4) | 1913 (49) | 625 (57.2) | 7730 (47.8) | < 0.001 |
| Gout | 1732 (15.5) | 1583 (40.6) | 465 (42.6) | 3780 (23.4) | < 0.001 |
| Heart failure | 430 (3.8) | 221 (5.7) | 104 (9.5) | 755 (4.7) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 7484 (66.9) | 2849 (73) | 895 (82) | 11228 (69.4) | < 0.001 |
| Obesity | 3848 (34.4) | 876 (22.5) | 267 (24.5) | 4991 (30.8) | < 0.001 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1827 (16.3) | 691 (17.7) | 254 (23.3) | 2772 (17.1) | < 0.001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 109 (1) | 41 (1.1) | 17 (1.6) | 167 (1) | 0.19 |
| Concomitant medications, n (%) | |||||
| Corticosteroids | 1542 (13.8) | 693 (17.8) | 197 (18) | 2432 (15) | < 0.001 |
| Colchicine | 710 (6.3) | 688 (17.6) | 226 (20.7) | 1624 (10) | < 0.001 |
| NSAID | 5030 (44.9) | 2418 (62) | 582 (53.3) | 8030 (49.6) | < 0.001 |
| Hospitalizations, n (%) | 3366 (30.1) | 1139 (29.2) | 320 (29.3) | 4825 (29.8) | 0.54 |
| Gout diagnosis at index date | 1665 (14.9) | 1838 (41) | 464 (43.1) | 3967 (23.7) |
sUA: serum uric acid; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; ULT: urate-lowering therapy; CV: cardiovascular; NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug.