Table 6.

Risk of SLE in patients with celiac disease. Analyses are stratified.

Subgroup	HR; 95% CI	p	Person-yrs	No. SLE Events in CD	Incidence Rate^*
Subgroup	HR; 95% CI	p	Person-yrs	No. SLE Events in CD	CD	Ref
Age, yrs
< 20	2.31; 1.05–5.06	0.037	147,194	9	6	3
20–39	2.69; 1.35–5.36	0.005	60,110	12	20	8
40–59	3.91; 2.21–6.91	< 0.001	74,790	20	27	7
≥ 60	5.81; 2.69–12.58	< 0.001	43,676	13	30	4
Sex
Women	3.47; 2.42–4.98	< 0.001	203,448	48	24	7
Men	3.55; 1.27–9.91	0.016	122,323	6	5	1
Calendar period
–1989	2.82; 1.35–5.87	0.008	85,781	11	13	5
1990–99	3.91; 2.40–6.35	< 0.001	161,554	28	17	5
2000–	3.35; 1.78–6.28	< 0.001	78,435	15	19	6

↵* SLE cases per 100,000 person-years. CD: celiac disease; Ref: reference individuals; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.