Frequency and OR (95% CI) of GDF15 and CD40 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes stratified by sex in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and stroke/transient ischemic attack after onset of RA.
| Female | Male | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genes/SNP | Negative | Positive, (%)* | OR (95% CI), Unadjusted | OR (95% CI), Adjusted** | Negative | Positive, (%)* | OR (95% CI), Unadjusted | OR (95% CI), Adjusted** |
| GDF15 rs1058587 | ||||||||
| CC | 217 | 9 (4.0) | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) | 81 | 13 (13.8) | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| CG | 200 | 20 (9.1) | 2.41 (1.07–5.42) | 2.05 (0.73–5.74) | 66 | 7 (9.6) | 0.66 (0.25–1.75) | 0.62 (0.19–2.07) |
| GG | 45 | 7 (13.5) | 3.75 (1.33–10.60) | 3.75 (1.06–13.33) | 14 | 1 (6.7) | 0.44 (0.05–3.68) | 0.38 (0.04–3.68) |
| GG+CG vs CC | 245 | 27 (9.9) | 2.66 (1.22–5.78) | 2.40 (0.91–6.34) | 80 | 8 (9.1) | 0.62 (0.24–1.58) | 0.57 (0.18–1.77) |
| Allele G | 290 | 34 (10.5) | 1.96 (1.21–3.17) | 2.48 (0.84–7.35) | 94 | 9 (8.7) | 0.66 (0.30–1.44) | 0.45 (0.05–4.20) |
| CD40 rs1535045 | ||||||||
| TT | 41 | 3 (6.8) | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) | 13 | 1 (7.1) | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| CT | 186 | 17 (8.4) | 1.25 (0.35–4.46) | 0.77 (0.18–3.37) | 69 | 2 (2.8) | 0.38 (0.03–4.47) | 0.16 (0.01–3.11) |
| CC | 235 | 16 (6.4) | 0.93 (0.26–3.34) | 0.64 (0.14–2.82) | 80 | 18 (18.4) | 2.93 (0.36–23.82) | 1.81 (0.19–17.31) |
| CC vs CT+TT | 235 | 16 (6.4) | 0.77 (0.39–1.53) | 0.78 (0.32–1.91) | 80 | 18 (18.4) | 6.15 (1.74–21.69) | 6.48 (1.31–32.00) |
| Allele C | 656 | 49 (10.4) | 0.87 (0.52–1.46) | 0.79 (0.32–1.91) | 229 | 38 (14.3) | 3.94 (1.37–11.35) | 6.55 (1.33–32.38) |
| CD40 rs3765459 | ||||||||
| AA | 41 | 3 (6.8) | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) | 13 | 1 (7.1) | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| AG | 185 | 16 (8.0) | 1.18 (0.33–4.25) | 0.79 (0.18–3.44) | 71 | 4 (5.3) | 0.73 (0.08–7.09) | 0.48 (0.04–5.84) |
| GG | 234 | 16 (6.4) | 0.93 (0.26–3.35) | 0.60 (0.14–2.68) | 78 | 16 (17.0) | 2.67 (0.32–21.86) | 1.54 (0.16–14.93) |
| GG vs AG+AA | 234 | 16 (6.4) | 0.81 (0.41–1.62) | 0.73 (0.30–1.78) | 78 | 16 (17.0) | 3.45 (1.21–9.85) | 2.78 (0.78–9.91) |
| Allele G | 653 | 48 (6.8) | 0.89 (0.53–1.51) | 0.70 (0.17–2.84) | 227 | 36 (13.8) | 2.56 (1.05–6.28) | 1.08 (0.11–10.27) |
↵* Percentage of all patients with a given type.
↵** All analyses adjusted for shared-epitope, accumulated disease activity, ACPA, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, treatment with statins and anti-TNF inhibitors, ever-smoker, and age at onset. ACPA: anticitrullinated protein antibodies; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.