6 Weeks* | 3 Months | 12 Months | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome Measure | Change in Control Group | Change in Intervention Group | Adjusted Between-group Mean Difference (95% CI)† | Change in Control Group | Change in Intervention Group | Adjusted Between-group Mean Difference (95% CI)† | Change in Control Group | Change in Intervention Group | Adjusted Between-group Mean Difference (95% CI)† |
AQoL score, range, −0.04 to 1.00 | 0.03 (0.14) | −0.01 (0.14) | −0.04 (−0.10 to 0.01) | −0.03 (0.16) | −0.05 (0.19) | −0.02 (−0.09 to 0.05) | |||
heiQ score, range 1–6 | |||||||||
Positive and active engagement | −0.11 (0.60) | −0.03 (0.89) | 0.03 (−0.24 to 0.30) | −0.07 (0.65) | 0.14 (0.75) | 0.11 (−0.15 to 0.37) | −0.06 (0.71) | −0.15 (0.85) | −0.13 (−0.44 to 0.18) |
Health-directed activity | 0.05 (0.67) | 0.22 (1.12) | 0.20 (−0.10 to 0.51) | 0.01 (0.62) | 0.11 (0.78) | 0.12 (−0.13 to 0.36) | 0.00 (0.84) | −0.09 (1.06) | 0.08 (−0.25 to 0.41) |
Skill and technique acquisition | −0.02 (0.50) | 0.41 (1.04) | 0.29 (0.04 to 0.55)** | 0.11 (0.55) | 0.41 (0.72) | 0.18 (−0.03 to 0.39) | 0.16 (0.71) | 0.41 (0.77) | 0.07 (−0.18 to 0.32) |
Constructive attitudes and approaches | −0.11 (0.59) | 0.11 (0.81) | 0.19 (−0.05 to 0.44) | 0.00 (0.58) | −0.04 (0.67) | −0.08 (−0.32 to 0.15) | 0.05 (0.55) | −0.14 (0.87) | −0.20 (−0.45 to 0.04) |
Self-monitoring and insight | 0.05 (0.48) | 0.13 (0.59) | 0.05 (−0.13 to 0.23) | 0.09 (0.46) | 0.12 (0.53) | −0.04 (−0.21 to 0.13) | 0.05 (0.42) | 0.14 (0.53) | 0.04 (−0.13 to 0.21) |
Health service navigation | −0.14 (0.66) | 0.02 (0.76) | 0.09 (−0.18 to 0.36) | −0.07 (0.69) | 0.03 (0.75) | 0.03 (−0.26 to 0.31) | −0.09 (0.64) | 0.18 (0.55) | 0.23 (−0.02 to 0.48) |
Social integration and support | −0.02 (0.57) | 0.00 (0.59) | 0.02 (−0.19 to 0.24) | 0.12 (0.68) | 0.08 (0.73) | −0.07 (−0.33 to 0.20) | 0.10 (0.63) | −0.11 (0.91) | −0.21 (−0.50 to 0.08) |
Emotional distress | −0.12 (0.71) | −0.02 (0.83) | 0.15 (−0.14 to 0.45) | 0.11 (0.73) | 0.10 (0.85) | 0.00 (−0.30 to 0.30) | 0.01 (0.77) | −0.01 (0.75) | 0.00 (−0.31 to 0.31) |
WOMAC score, range 0–100 | |||||||||
Pain | −2.66 (15.57) | 0.14 (16.35) | −2.73 (−9.01 to 3.55) | −0.39 (18.97) | 1.25 (20.40) | −1.48 (−9.37 to 6.40) | |||
Stiffness | −2.95 (19.54) | −3.62 (17.41) | −0.49 (−7.90 to 6.92) | 0.45 (20.26) | −0.34 (23.29) | −0.07 (−8.83 to 8.69) | |||
Physical function | −3.01 (14.52) | −0.62 (12.90) | −2.38 (−7.94 to 3.19) | −0.66 (16.19) | 0.04 (18.37) | −0.24 (−7.29 to 6.80) | |||
K10 score, range 10–50 | −0.21 (4.79) | −0.90 (4.32) | 0.37 (−1.38 to 2.13) | 0.35 (5.33) | 1.84 (6.31) | −1.85 (−4.19 to 0.48) | |||
MAPT score, range 0–100 | −1.77 (20.82) | −3.10 (23.89) | 1.30 (−7.43 to 10.02) | −2.70 (19.09) | 3.86 (24.91) | −7.04 (−15.56 to 1.48) | −0.08 (25.70) | 7.43 (23.12) | −6.79 (−16.45 to 2.86) |
↵* 6-week assessment included in the heiQ and MAPT instruments only to minimize participant burden.
↵** F[1,85] = 5.40, p = 0.02.
↵† Analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline score for each outcome measure and hospital site; positive values favor the intervention group. Definitions as given in Table 1.