Underlying causes of death when systemic lupus erythematosus was the non-underlying cause, by period, standardized, age-adjusted, state of São Paulo, Brazil. From São Paulo State Data Analysis System Foundation/Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System (Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados, http://www.seade.gov.br); with permission.
| Underlying Causes of Death | Coding ICD-9/ICD-10 | 1985–2007, n (%) | 1985–1989, % (95% CI) | 2003–2007, % (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | 001–139/A00–B99 | 203 (12.07) | 13.7 (8.97–21.35) | 14.0 (10.83–18.05) | 0.933 |
| Tuberculosis | 010–018/A15–A19 | 47 (2.79) | 3.3 (1.20–8.88) | 2.4 (1.15–4.42) | 0.523 |
| Septicemia | 038.9–0.36.2/A40–41 | 65 (3.86) | 4.8 (2.32–10.47) | 4.5 (2.81–7.00) | 0.877 |
| Mycoses | 110–118/B35–B49 | 16 (0.95) | 2.0 (0.52–7.20) | 1.0 (0.26–2.64) | 0.279 |
| Neoplasms | 140–239/C00–D48 | 93 (5.52) | 4.5 (1.73–10.74) | 5.9 (4.13–8.48) | 0.492 |
| Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | 280–289/D50–D89 | 88 (5.23) | 3.0 (1.17–8.25) | 4.7 (2.92–7.27) | 0.214 |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 286.6/D65 | 9 (0.53) | 0.8 (0.09–5.42) | 0.7 (0.14–2.21) | 0.791 |
| Immunodeficiency, unspecified | 279.3/D84.9 | 47 (2.79) | 3.4 (1.35–8.90) | 4.3 (2.59–6.86) | 0.521 |
| Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | 240–278/E00–E90 | 61 (3.63) | 6.8 (3.65–12.96) | 8.0 (5.70–10.99) | 0.506 |
| Diseases of the nervous system | 320–359/G00–G99 | 35 (2.08) | 3.2 (1.37–8.38) | 1.1 (0.34–2.74) | 0.094 |
| Diseases of the circulatory system | 390–444 447–459/I00–I99 | 462 (27.46) | 28.8 (21.45–38.78) | 29.2 (24.72–34.34) | 0.862 |
| Hypertensive diseases | 401–405/I10–I15 | 36 (2.14) | 3.0 (1.29–8.05) | 2.0 (1.03–3.87) | 0.541 |
| Hypertensive renal disease | 403/I12 | 89 (5.29) | 1.7 (0.56–6.50) | 0.4 (0.04–1.66) | 0.057 |
| Ischemic heart diseases | 410–414/I20–I25 | 41 (2.44) | 6.3 (2.99–12.82) | 6.2 (4.34–8.81) | 0.996 |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 410/I21.0–I21.9 | 22 (1.31) | 5.6 (2.55–12.00) | 4.4 (2.88–6.76) | 0.441 |
| Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary circulation | 415–417/I26–I28 | 108 (6.42) | 2.90 (1.00–8.25) | 2.22 (1.13–4.14) | 0.643 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 415.1/I26 | 37 (2.20) | 2.5 (0.74–7.75) | 1.0 (0.38–2.59) | 0.155 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 430–438/I60–I69 | 309 (18.37) | 9.6 (5.48–16.78) | 6.8 (4.75–9.70) | 0.226 |
| Stroke, not specified as hemorrhage or infarction | 436/I64 | 8 (0.47) | 3.4 (1.09–9.16) | 0.7 (0.18–2.07) | 0.051 |
| Diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries | 440–448/I70–I79 | 170 (10.11) | 0.3 (0.01–4.93) | 2.8 (1.55–4.94) | 0.051 |
| Diseases of the respiratory system | 460–519/J00–J99 | 156 (9.27) | 22.5 (16.22–31.54) | 11.3 (8.65–14.70) | < 0.001 |
| Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified | 482/J15 | 32 (1.90) | 0.1 (0.00–4.68) | 0.4 (0.09–1.72) | 1.000 |
| Pneumonia, organism unspecified | 485–486/J18 | 28 (1.67) | 11.6 (7.06–19.14) | 4.6 (2.91–7.08) | 0.005 |
| Diseases of the digestive system | 520–579/K00–K93 | 156 (9.27) | 7.5 (4.00–14.13) | 9.5 (6.97–12.70) | 0.386 |
| Diseases of the skin and substaneous tissue | 680–709/L00–L99 | 16 (0.95) | 0.4 (0.01–4.99) | 1.9 (0.90–3.79) | 0.195 |
| Diseases of the musculoskeletal and connective tissue | 710–739/446 M00–M99 | 80 (4.76) | 1.0 (0.02–6.26) | 1.9 (0.94–3.72) | 0.525 |
| Diseases of the genitourinary system | 580–629/N00–N99 | 18 (1.07) | 8.1 (4.78–14.42) | 8.2 (5.79–11.31) | 0.948 |
| Acute renal failure | 584/N17 | 14 (0.83) | 0.8 (0.10–5.48) | 0.6 (0.13–2.19) | 0.625 |
| Chronic renal failure | 585/N18 | 16 (0.96) | 4.41 (2.03–9.99) | 2.73 (1.43–4.89) | 0.347 |
| Unspecified renal failure | 586/N19 | 2 (0.12) | 1.9 (0.61–6.84) | 0.3 (0.04–1.56) | 0.057 |
ICD: International Classification of Diseases.