Demographics of women with SLE with and without lupus nephritis.
| Characteristics | No Previous Lupus Nephritis | Previous Lupus Nephritis |
|---|---|---|
| No. pregnancies (no. women) | 64 (52) | 43 (31) |
| Maternal age, yrs, mean ± SD | 32.5 ± 5.3 | 31.6 ± 5.2 |
| Prepregnancy creatinine, μmol/l | n = 38 | n = 33 |
| Median (IQR) | 63 (55–71) | 69* (62–94) |
| Prepregnancy eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | n = 38 | n = 33 |
| Median (IQR) | 115 (100–125) | 99** (75–122) |
| Prepregnancy eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | n = 38 | n = 33 |
| < 90 | 8 (21%) | 16 (48%)*** |
| < 60 | 0 | 4 (12%)**** |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | n = 61 | n = 41 |
| Median (IQR) | 22.5 (21–27) | 22.0 (21–24) |
| Ethnicity, no. (%) | ||
| White | 33 (52) | 25 (58) |
| Black | 22 (34) | 12 (30) |
| Asian | 3 (5) | 2 (5) |
| Other | 6 (9) | 4 (9) |
| Autoantibodies, n (%) | ||
| Anti-Ro/SSA | 22 (34) | 13 (30) |
| aPL | 33 (52) | 19 (44) |
| APS, n (%) | 12 (19) | 10 (23) |
| Obstetric, late pregnancy loss | 2 (3) | 1 (2) |
| Thrombotic | 10 (16) | 9 (21) |
| Previous immunosuppression | n = 61 | n = 41 |
| Cyclophosphamide | 4 (7%) | 17 (41%)† |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 1 (2%) | 7 (17%)†† |
| Current medication, n (%) | ||
| Aspirin | 39 (62) | 37 (86)$ |
| LMWH | 17 (27) | 15 (35) |
| Prednisolone | 34 (53) | 37 (86)$$ |
| Azathioprine | 8 (13) | 35 (81)Ω |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 35 (55) | 20 (47) |
| Nulliparous | 39 (61%) | 25 (58%) |
| Years since SLE diagnosed, median (IQR) | 6 (4–10) | 7 (4–13) |
| Active disease at booking | 4 (6%) | 4 (9%) |
| Proteinuria at booking, + or more | 5/60 (8%) | 19/40 (48%)¶ |
| Hematuria at booking, + or more | 4/60 (7%) | 11/40 (28%)¶¶ |
| Blood pressure at booking, mm/hg, median (IQR) | ||
| Systolic | 110 (100–120) | 117 (107–130)‡ |
| Diastolic | 70 (60–75)‡ | 72 (68–80)‡‡ |
↵* p = 0.015,
↵** p = 0.051,
↵*** p = 0.02,
↵**** p = 0.04,
↵† p < 0.01,
↵†† p < 0.001,
↵$ p = 0.008,
↵$$ p < 0.0001,
↵Ω p = 0.0001,
↵‡ p = 0.018,
↵‡‡ p = 0.025,
↵¶ p < 0.001,
↵¶¶ p = 0.008.
SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; IQR: interquartile range; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; aPL: antiphospholipid antibody; APS: antiphospholipid syndrome; LMWH: low molecular weight heparin.