Immunohistochemistry of inflammatory cell infiltrates surrounding small vessels in isolated temporal small-vessel inflammation (TSVI), small vessels surrounding a positive temporal artery (GCA SV), and intramural regions within a positive temporal artery. Surface marker expression was measured by a semiquantitative scale and reported as relative intensity: 0 = no infiltration; +1 = 1%–10% inflammatory cells; +2 = 11%–50% inflammatory cells; and +3 ≥ 50% inflammatory cells. Data represent the mean of 7 specimens (4 isolated TSVI and 3 GCA).
| Location | Relative Intensity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD68 Macrophages | CD3 T Cells | CD20 B Cells | LCA | T:B cell Ratio | |
| Isolated TSVI | +0.75 | +2.33 | +1.75 | +3.00 | 1.33* |
| GCA SV | +0.66 | +2.66 | +1.66 | +3.00 | 1.60* |
| GCA ADV | +2.00 | +3.00 | +1.66 | +3.00 | 1.81 |
| GCA IEL | +2.00 | +2.30 | +1.00 | +2.30 | 2.30 |
| SV + ADV + IEL (GCA composite) | +1.55 | +2.65 | +1.44 | +2.77 | 1.90 |
↵* p < 0.05 for isolated TSVI and GCA SV compared to GCA IEL. GCA: giant cell arteritis; SV: small vessels (surrounding involved temporal artery); ADV: adventitia; IEL: internal elastic lamina; LCA: leukocyte common antigen.