Prevalence of medical comorbidities in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) compared with controls (n = 11,844). Data are number (%).
| Variable | Patients with SS, n = 1974 | Patients without SS, n = 9870 | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular | |||
| Hypertension | 478 (24.2) | 2332 (23.6) | 0.575 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 16 (0.8) | 77 (0.8) | 0.889 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 296 (15.0) | 1112 (11.3) | < 0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 50 (2.5) | 251 (2.5) | 0.979 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | 81 (4.1) | 311 (3.2) | 0.031 |
| Peripheral vascular disorder | 34 (1.7) | 118 (1.2) | 0.058 |
| Stroke | 119 (6.0) | 499 (5.1) | 0.076 |
| Neurological | |||
| Paralysis | 17 (0.9) | 68 (0.7) | 0.408 |
| Other neurological disorders | 42 (2.1) | 137 (1.4) | 0.014 |
| Headache | 398 (20.2) | 1449 (14.7) | < 0.001 |
| Migraine | 51 (2.6) | 139 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
| Epilepsy | 11 (0.6) | 61 (0.6) | 0.751 |
| Dementia | 30 (1.5) | 133 (1.4) | 0.549 |
| Multiple sclerosis | — | 1 (0.0) | — |
| Polyneuropathy | 16 (0.8) | 48 (0.5) | 0.073 |
| Myasthenia gravis | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.0) | 0.009 |
| Rheumatology | |||
| Fibromyalgia | 283 (143) | 888 (9.0) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary | |||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 9 (0.5) | 41 (0.4) | 0.799 |
| Asthma | 101 (5.1) | 335 (3.4) | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | 214 (10.8) | 785 (8.0) | < 0.001 |
| Endocrine | |||
| Diabetes without complications | 200 (10.1) | 941 (9.5) | 0.411 |
| Diabetes with complications | 80 (4.1) | 353 (3.6) | 0.303 |
| Hypothyroidism | 133 (6.7) | 293 (3.0) | < 0.001 |
| Renal | |||
| Renal failure | 36 (1.8) | 136 (1.4) | 0.131 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 14 (0.7) | 86 (0.9) | 0.472 |
| Gastrointestinal | |||
| Liver disease | 223 (11.3) | 630 (6.4) | < 0.001 |
| Peptic ulcer | 269 (13.6) | 777 (7.9) | < 0.001 |
| Biliary cirrhosis | 2 (0.1) | — | — |
| Genitourinary | |||
| Chronic interstitial cystitis/chronic cystitis | 3 (0.2) | 17 (0.2) | 0.841 |
| Viral/infectious | |||
| Hepatitis B | 91 (4.6) | 200 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
| Tuberculosis | 15 (0.8) | 52 (0.5) | 0.208 |
| Urinary tract infection | 18 (0.9) | 57 (0.6) | 0.086 |
| Hematology | |||
| Deficiency anemias | 64 (3.2) | 242 (2.5) | 0.043 |
| Mental illness | |||
| Depression | 111 (5.6) | 225 (2.3) | < 0.001 |
| Psychoses | 81 (4.1) | 193 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
| Oncology | |||
| Metastatic cancer excluding lymphoma | 4 (0.2) | 12 (0.1) | 0.571 |
| Lymphoma | 5 (0.3) | 12 (0.1) | 0.158 |
| Solid tumor without metastasis | 74 (3.8) | 296 (3.0) | 0.081 |