Prevalence and levels of S100B protein in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from NPSLE patients and controls. Values are expressed as median (min-max).
| cNPSLE, n = 36 | pNPSLE, n = 4 | SLE Surgical, n = 13 | SLEsm, n = 4 | Primary NP, n = 4 | Nonautoimmune, n = 14 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | ||||||
| S100B levels* | 25.9 (16.3–479.1) | 25.8 (20.3–37.9) | 32.1 (22.6–111.7) | 29.8 (17.3–293) | 24.9 (16.4–38.7) | 24.4 (16.3–42.4) |
| S100B-positive (%) | 7 (19) | 0 | 6 (46) | 1 (25) | 0 | 0 |
| S100B levels** | 77.0 (48.0–479.1) | 0 | 53.2 (48.4–111.7) | 293 | 0 | 0 |
| CSF | ||||||
| S100B levels* | 177 (17.1–2500) | 121.3 (86.7–182.4) | 149.7 (108.7–393.2) | 1706.8 (215.3–2500) | 156.2 (46.6–1952) | 208.9 (37.1–485.9) |
| S100B-positive (%) | 7 (19) | 0 | 0 | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 0 |
| S100B levels** | 2325.7 (535.4–2500) | 0 | 0 | 2060.8 (1352.8–2500) | 1952 | 0 |
↵* All patients studied.
↵** Positive patients with levels ≥ 3 SD above the mean levels in nonautoimmune patients. SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; cNPSLE: central neuropsychiatric SLE; pNPSLE: peripheral neuropsychiatric SLE; Primary NP: nonrheumatic neurological diseases; SLEsm: SLE septic meningitis.