Demographic features, risk factors, and comorbidities in the study population. Data are number (%).
| Characteristic | Primary APS, n = 17 | Secondary APS/SLE, n = 59 | SLE/aPL, n = 46 | p (APS vs SLE/+aPL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 13 (76) | 49 (83) | 40 (87) | 0.43 |
| Caucasian | 16 (94) | 44 (73) | 31 (67) | 0.21 |
| Family history | 1 (6) | 1 (2) | 0 | 0.52 |
| Smoking | 3 (17) | 8 (13) | 5 (11) | 0.56 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 (6) | 4 (7) | 1 (2) | 0.4 |
| Malignancy | 1 (6) | 7 (12) | 5 (11) | 1 |
| Hypertension | 6 (35) | 29 (49) | 13 (28) | 0.051 |
| Hereditary thrombophilia* | 2 (12) | 8 (13) | 1 (2) | 0.051 |
| Hyperhomocysteinemia†† | 3 (25) | 28 (49) | 12 (27) | 0.049 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 7 (41) | 22 (37) | 14 (30) | 0.38 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia** | 4 (36) | 14 (24) | 2 (5) | 0.005 |
| Hepatitis C† | 0 | 2 (9.5) | 0 | 0.51 |
| OCP/HRT | 1 (5.9) | 5 (8.5) | 8 (17) | 0.11 |
↵* Data available for 55 patients;
↵** data available for 111 patients;
↵† data available for 42 patients;
↵†† data available for 114 patients. OCP/HRT: oral contraceptive pill/hormone replacement therapy; APS: antiphospholipid syndrome; APS/SLE: APS with associated systemic lupus erythematosus; aPL: antiphospholipid antibodies.