Demographic characteristics of study sample, by cohort.
| Characteristic | RA Alone, n = 8,916 | RA + CVD, n = 608 | p* | RA + Depression, n = 716 | p* | RA + CVD + Depression, n = 58 | p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | |||||||
| Mean | 50.9 | 58.7 | < 0.001 | 49.6 | < 0.001 | 53.0 | |
| SD | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.3 | |||
| Median | 52 | 58 | 51 | 53.5 | |||
| Minimum | 18 | 32 | 18 | 25 | |||
| Maximum | 97 | 97 | 95 | 79 | |||
| Sex, n (%) | |||||||
| Male | 2056 (23) | 272 (45) | < 0.001 | 86 (12) | < 0.001 | 11 (19) | 0.460 |
| US geographic region, n (%) | |||||||
| Northeast | 2047 (23) | 157 (26) | 0.003 | 124 (17) | 0.003 | 11 (19) | 0.741 |
| Midwest | 3681 (41) | 215 (35) | 337 (47) | 28 (48) | |||
| South | 2469 (28) | 198 (33) | 166 (23) | 15 (26) | |||
| West | 719 (8) | 38 (6) | 89 (12) | 4 (7) | |||
| Plan type, n (%) | |||||||
| Consumer-directed healthcare product | 2 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.018 | 0 (0) | 0.018 | 0 (0) | 0.570 |
| Health maintenance organization (HMO) | 2972 (33) | 194 (32) | 285 (40) | 24 (41) | |||
| Indemnity plan | 709 (8) | 71 (12) | 57 (8) | 2 (3) | |||
| Point of service (POS) | 1003 (11) | 79 (13) | 76 (11) | 4 (7) | |||
| Preferred provider organization (PPO) | 4190 (47) | 262 (43) | 294 (41) | 28 (48) | |||
| Unknown | 40 (0) | 2 (0) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | |||
| Payer type, n (%) | |||||||
| Commercial plan | 8095 (91) | 474 (78) | < 0.001 | 638 (89) | < 0.001 | 44 (76) | < 0.001 |
| Medicaid | 132 (1) | 13 (2) | 35 (5) | 4 (7) | |||
| Medicare risk | 420 (5) | 104 (17) | 29 (4) | 8 (14) | |||
| Self-insured | 245 (3) | 16 (3) | 11 (2) | 2 (3) | |||
| Unknown | 24 (0) | 1 (0) | 3 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Physician specialty, n (%) | |||||||
| PCP (family/general practice) | 603 (7) | 50 (8) | < 0.001 | 72 (10) | < 0.001 | 5 (9) | 0.197 |
| Internal medicine | 764 (9) | 56 (9) | 76 (11) | 6 (10) | |||
| Rheumatology | 5993 (67) | 370 (61) | 431 (60) | 33 (57) | |||
| Cardiology | 106 (1) | 24 (4) | 9 (1) | 2 (3) | |||
| Orthopedics/orthopedic surgery | 129 (1) | 10 (2) | 13 (2) | 2 (3) | |||
| Psychiatry/psychology | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 2 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Other | 1172 (13) | 83 (14) | 103 (14) | 10 (17) | |||
| Unknown | 148 (2) | 14 (2) | 10 (1) | 0 (0) | |||
↵* Reference group is RA Alone.