Mean shoulder range of movement for those without shoulder pain/stiffness stratified by HbA1c level and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and current smoking.
| HbA1c < 6.0% (95% CI) | HbA1c 6.0% to 7.0% (95% CI) | HbA1c > 7.0% (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flexion | |||
| Right | 160.5 (159.7–161.3)*† | 156.9 (154.9–158.9)* | 155.2 (151.3–159.2)† |
| Left | 159.2 (158.5–159.9)*† | 154.6 (152.7–156.5)* | 153.7 (150.0–157.4)† |
| Abduction | |||
| Right | 151.2 (150.4–152.0)*† | 147.2 (145.0–149.4)* | 143.4 (139.2–147.7)† |
| Left | 149.4 (148.6–150.2)*† | 144.9 (142.7–147.0)* | 144.0 (137.9–146.1)† |
| External rotation | |||
| Right | 58.8 (58.1–59.6) | 57.1 (55.1–59.0) | 56.2 (52.4–60.0) |
| Left | 56.8 (56.0–57.5)† | 55.6 (53.6–57.5) | 51.8 (48.0–55.6)† |