Mean shoulder range of movement among those with shoulder pain/stiffness stratified by HbA1c level and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and current smoking.
| HbA1c < 6.0% (95% CI) | HbA1c 6.0% to 7.0% (95% CI) | HbA1c > 7.0% (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flexion | |||
| Right | 148.7 (146.4–150.9) | 144.4 (139.5–149.3) | 139.3 (129.7–148.9) |
| Left | 150.0 (148.0–151.9)* | 146.4 (142.3–150.5) | 137.6 (129.5–145.7)* |
| Abduction | |||
| Right | 135.9 (133.3–138.6) | 132.0 (126.3–137.7) | 125.7 (114.5–136.8) |
| Left | 137.3 (135.1–139.6)† | 133.5 (128.6–138.3) | 125.4 (115.9–134.9)† |
| External rotation | |||
| Right | 52.6 (51.1–54.2) | 50.4 (47.0–53.8) | 46.5 (39.8–53.1) |
| Left | 51.4 (49.9–52.9) | 49.4 (46.1–52.7) | 48.4 (41.9–54.8) |