Risk of cardiovascular outcomes associated with autoantibodies in men versus women.
| Autoantibody | Outcome | Events | Hazard Ratio (95% CI)* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | ||
| RF | MI, HF, or PVD** | 313 | 558 | 1.46 (1.04, 2.04) | 1.14 (0.88, 1.46) |
| Death | 382 | 616 | 1.31 (1.00, 1.71) | 1.56 (1.27, 1.92) | |
| ANA | MI, HF, or PVD** | 310 | 580 | 1.40 (1.07, 1.82) | 1.22 (1.02, 1.45) |
| Death | 475 | 667 | 1.17 (0.95, 1.44) | 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) | |
↵* Adjusted for age, calendar year, comorbidity, and presence of rheumatic disease.
↵** Defined as first occurrence of any of the 3 events. RF: rheumatoid factor; ANA: antinuclear antibody; MI: myocardial infarction; HF: heart failure; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; comorbidity: chronic disease comorbidities9.