Characteristic | Rehabilitation Group (RG) | Educational Group (EG) | Control Group (CG) | p, RG vs EG | p, RG vs CG | p, EG vs CG |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VAS cervical (0–100) | 10 (0.0–13.0) | 18 (0.0–30.0) | 25.0 (20.0–40.0) | 0.230 | 0.013 | 0.310 |
VAS lumbar (0–100) | 7.5 (0.0–20.0) | 25.0 (0.0–33.7) | 34.5(20.0–41.5) | 0.098 | 0.002 | 0.157 |
BASMI (0–10) | 3.1(2.4–3.8) | 3.6 (1.9–4.6) | 4.3 (2.7–5.8) | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.375 |
BASFI (0–10) | 1.1 (0.7–2.0) | 1.3 (0.5–2.5) | 2.7 (1.4–4.0) | 0.426 | 0.000 | 0.002 |
BASDAI (0–10) | 2.4 (0.5–3.0) | 2.8 (1.3–4.1) | 3.0 (1.8–5.1) | 0.050 | 0.045 | 0.384 |
Chest expansion, cm | 5.0 (3.7–6.7) | 4.7 (3.1–5.8) | 4.5 (3.0–6.1) | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.825 |
Cervical flexion/extension* | 82.0 (68.5–107.5) | 100.0 (86.5–114.5) | 78.0 (49.0–105.0) | 0.428 | 0.175 | 0.346 |
Cervical rotation* | 122.0 (136.0–92.0) | 100.0 (86.5–114.5) | 79.0 (56.0–108.5) | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.575 |
Cervical lateral inclination* | 58.0 (48.0–70.5) | 51.0 (42.0–60.0) | 43.0 (26.0–72.5) | 0.020 | 0.000 | 0.254 |
Lumbosacral flexion/extension* | 101.0 (82.0–114.0) | 100.0 (76.0–107.0) | 84.0 (69.5–98.5) | 0.030 | 0.010 | 0.366 |
Thoraco-lumbar rotation* | 66.0 (58.5–81.5) | 41.0 (40.0–70.5) | 52.0 (34.0–75.0) | 0.005 | 0.000 | 0.984 |
Thoraco-lumbar lateral inclination* | 37.0 (26.0–51.5) | 28.0 (17.0–47.5) | 20.0 (13.5–48.5) | 0.003 | 0.017 | 0.730 |
Cervical movements, total* | 236.0 (185.0–275.5) | 218.0 (193.0–236.0) | 179.0 (110.0–247.0) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.481 |
Thoraco-lumbo-sacral movements, total* | 190.0 (157.5–230.5) | 186.0 (146.5–205.5) | 178.0 (147.5–236.5) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.801 |
Fatigue (0–10) | 2.2 (1.0–3.0) | 3.0 (2.0–5.1) | 4.0 2.0–5.0) | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.069 |
Level of morning stiffness (0–10) | 1.2 (0.6–3.4) | 3.0 (0.6–3.6) | 2.6 (0.6–4.2) | 0.055 | 0.023 | 0.641 |
↵* Active range of motion of spine measured by a pocket goniometer (degrees). BASDAI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; BASMI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index; BASFI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index; VAS: visual analog scale.